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From Flashcardlet > FHB Week 1 > Flashcards

FHB Week 1 Flashcards

0
Q

What is the age range for toddlerhood?

A

15 months to 3 years

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1
Q

What is the age range for infancy?

A

birth to 15 months

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2
Q

What is the definition of prematurity?

A

<37 weeks

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3
Q

When do maternal “blues” occur and in what percentage of women?

A

Up to two weeks after giving birth, 30-50% of new mothers

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4
Q

Depression happens in what percentage of new mothers?

A

10%

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5
Q

APGAR stands for what?

A

appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, respiration

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6
Q

What are the four factors that impact prenatal issues?

A

socioeconomic status, nutrition, exposures, and illnesses

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7
Q

What are the feeding newborn reflexes?

A

crying, sucking, rooting

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8
Q

What are the survival newborn reflexes?

A

Moro, grasp, head control

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9
Q

Name the nine characteristics of temperament

A

activity level, persistence, distractibility, initial reaction, adaptability, mood, intensity, sensitivity, regularity

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10
Q

Name(s) associated with temperament

A

Thomas and Chess

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11
Q

Name(s) associated with attachment

A

Bowlby

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12
Q

In what decade was Harlow’s monkeys experiment done?

A

1960s

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13
Q

What is the age range for social smiles?

A

1-3 months

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14
Q

Name(s) associated with long-term attachment effects

A

Ainsworth

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15
Q

What is Mary Ainsworth’s experiment?

A

Long-term attachment effects: “Strange situation,” eight episodes randing from entering with caregiver and establishing the secure base, to separation leaving with stranger, reunite, leave alone, stranger enters, reunion with caregiver

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16
Q

What is Piaget’s Theory of Intelligence?

A

Organization into schemes; adaptation; assimilation (take information into an existing scheme) and accommodation (change an existing structure in order to consider new information)

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17
Q

Describe the stages of the sensorimotor period of Piaget’s cognitive development theory.

A

Excercising reflexes, primary circular reactions, secondary circular reactions, coordination of secondary schemes, tertiary circular reactions, intention of new means through mental combination

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18
Q

Name(s) associated with play

A

Vygotsky

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19
Q

Describe object permanence

A

Differentiate of self from objects, see self as capable of intentional action, realizes things continue to exist when no longer immediately sensed

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20
Q

Describe early vocalizations and the age range for each.

A 
2 months: cooing
3-4 months: babbling
4-5 months: vowels and consonants
10 months: different syllables
3 years: simple sentences
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21
Q

Describe the gross to fine motor time line

A

1-4 months: pre-reaching declines
3-4 months: intentional reaching/grasping (whole hand)
5 months: successful reaching/transfer of hands
6 months: voluntary release of objects
1 year: pincer grasp

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22
Q

In Erikson’s psychosocial stages, what is the crisis during infancy (0-18 months)?

A

trust vs. mistrust

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23
Q

In Erikson’s psychosocial stages, what is the crisis during toddlerhood (18 months - 2/3 years)?

A

autonomy vs. shame

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24
Q

In Erikson’s psychosocial stages, what is the crisis during preschool (3-6 years)?

A

initiative vs. guilt

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25
Q

In Erikson’s psychosocial stages, what is the virtue during infancy (0-18 months)?

A

hope

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26
Q

In Erikson’s psychosocial stages, what is the virtue during toddlerhood (18 months - 2/3 years)?

A

will

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27
Q

What is the age range for preschoolers?

A

3-6 years

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28
Q

When does a child understand the idea of “mine” and “his/hers?”

A

age 3

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29
Q

When can children stand on one foot?

A

age 3

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30
Q

Gesell figures

A 
3 years: circle
4 years: square
5 years: triangle
6 years: box with intersecting lines
7 years: diamond
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31
Q

When do children start brushing their own teeth?

A

age 4

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32
Q

When do children begin dressing themselves?

A

age 4

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33
Q

When can children draw a simple figure of a person?

A

age 4

34
Q

Define epigenesis

A

stages of development requiring successful completion before proceeding to the next stage

35
Q

Name(s) associated with psychosocial development

A

Erikson

36
Q

Name(s) associated with cognitive development

A

Piaget

37
Q

Name(s) associated with psychosexual development

A

Freud

38
Q

Name(s) associated with moral development

A

Kohlberg

39
Q

In Erikson’s psychosocial stages, what is the virtue during preschool (3-6 years)?

A

purpose

40
Q

What are Piaget’s four stages of cognitive development?

A

sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational

41
Q

When is Piaget’s sensorimotor stage?

A

0-2 years

42
Q

When is Piaget’s preoperational stage?

A

2-7 years

43
Q

What are the characteristics of Piaget’s preoperational stage?

A

the child begins to represent the world with words and images; increased symbolic thinking; egocentrism; animism

44
Q

Define egocentrism

A

unability to imagine the perspective of others

45
Q

Define animism

A

imagining life in inanimate objects

46
Q

What are Freud’s psychosexual stages?

A

Oral (0-2), anal (2-3), phallic (3-7), latency (7-11), genital (11-adult)

47
Q

In what stage of psychosexual development (Freud) does bladder control develop?

A

Anal (2-3)

48
Q

In what stage of psychosexual development (Freud) does a child realize the differences between males and females?

A

Phallic (3-7)

49
Q

In what stage of psychosexual development (Freud) do the Oedipus complex and Electra complex develop?

A

phallic (3-7)

50
Q

What are the levels of Kohlberg’s moral stages?

A

Level 1: pre-conventional
Level 2: conventional
Level 3: post-conventional

51
Q

What Kohlberg moral stage are preschoolers in?

A

Level 2 (conventional)

52
Q

What are the characteristics of level 1 of Kohlberg’s moral stages?

A

Avoiding punishment, what’s in it for me?

53
Q

What are the characteristics of level 2 of Kohlberg’s moral stages?

A

Social order; how can I be a good boy/girl?

54
Q

When does stranger anxiety develop?

A

7 months

55
Q

When does unassisted sitting occur?

A

4-6 months

56
Q

At what age does a child transfer a toy from one hand to the other?

A

10 months

57
Q

When does the pincer grasp develop?

A

10 months

58
Q

When does separation anxiety develop?

A

12-15 months

59
Q

When do babies say their first words?

A

12-15 months

60
Q

When does object permanence develop?

A

12-15 months

61
Q

Piaget describes development in terms of ____________ of the child at each age.

A

learning capabilities

62
Q

Erikson describes development in terms of _____________

A

critical periods for the achievement of social goals

63
Q

When can a child completely separate from his/her mother?

A

age 3

64
Q

When does rapprochement happen?

A

1.5 years

65
Q

When can a baby say his/her own name?

A

1.5 years

66
Q

How many words does a 1.5 year old use?

A

10

67
Q

When can a child feed his/herself with a spoon?

A

age 2

68
Q

Parallel play occurs at what age?

A

age 2

69
Q

Verbal abilities at age 2

A

two-word sentences, 250 words

70
Q

Rides a tricycle

A

age 3

71
Q

Gender identity

A

age 3

72
Q

Bowel and bladder control

A

age 3

73
Q

Verbal and cognitive abilities at age 3

A

uses 900 words, understands 3500 words, speaks in complete sentences

74
Q

Playing cooperatively

A

age 4

75
Q

Role playing

A

age 4

76
Q

Imaginary companions

A

age 4

77
Q

oedipal phase

A

age 4-5

78
Q

Ties shoelaces

A

age 6

79
Q

moral sense of right and wrong

A

age 6

80
Q

finality of death

A

age 6

81
Q

Begins to read

A

age 6

82
Q

When do children realize that they themselves can die?

A

age 9

83
Q

Name(s) associated with separation anxiety

A

Mahler

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