Final

Question 1

Argument

Answer 1

A series of statements intended to justify some opinion; usually has a minimum of three parts

Question 2

Claim

Answer 2

A statement to be justified or upheld. It is the main idea or proposition that you plan to present in an argument

Question 3

Counterargument

Answer 3

An alternative interpretation of evidence that challenges rather than supports a claim

Question 4

Conclusion

Answer 4

Derives logically from the major and minor propositions

Question 5

Audience

Answer 5

Who the speaker/writer is trying to reach

Question 6

Warrant

Answer 6

A stated or unstated belief, rule, or principle that underlies an argument

Question 7

Context

Answer 7

The time and place of the rhetorical piece. What is happening in the world as it relates to the subject of the speech or the speaker/writer

Question 8

Evidence

Answer 8

The part of the argument that supports the minor propositions; based on accurate and true facts, examples, statistics, or on accepted opinions

Question 9

Fallacy

Answer 9

A weak interpretation of evidence

Question 10

Tone

Answer 10

The speaker/author’s attitude toward the subject

Question 11

Choices

Answer 11

The rhetorical choices that a speaker or writer makes

Question 12

Purpose

Answer 12

What the speaker/writer is hoping to accomplish. The reasoning behind the rhetorical topic

Question 13

Refutation

Answer 13

The acknowledgement and handling of opposing viewpoints

Question 14

Speaker

Answer 14

The person writing or speaking about a rhetorical topic

Question 15

Fact

Answer 15

A verifiable statement

Question 16

Ethos

Answer 16

An appeal based on a speaker or writer’s character, ethics or morals

Question 17

Pathos

Answer 17

An appeal based on emotion

Question 18

Logos

Answer 18

An appeal based on logical reasoning or facts

Question 19

Exigence

Answer 19

The spark or catalyst that moved the speaker/writer to act/write

Question 20

Grounds

Answer 20

The evidence and reasons presented to support your claim

Question 21

Slippery Slope

Answer 21

Suggests that taking a minor action will lead to major and ridiculous consequences
Ex- If you run in the backyard, then you will trip over a rock and hit your head

Question 22

Either or Fallacy

Answer 22

When an argument suggests that there are ONLY 2 options or potential outcomes.
Ex- Get the vaccine, or you are selfish

Question 23

Appeals to Authority

Answer 23

“A famous person believes it so it must be true”
Ex- Taylor swift believes that cake is healthy, so it must be right

Question 24

Hasty Generalization

Answer 24

Making a rushed conclusion without considering all of the variables
Ex- (stereotypes) You are mean because you live in New York

Question 25

Faulty Causality

Answer 25

The assumption that just because one event follows another, the second event is caused by the first event.
Ex- It rained because I just washed my car

Question 26

Ad Hominem

Answer 26

Attacking a person’s character or credentials instead of addressing the real argument they’re making
Ex- People hating Trump so much that they can’t hear the truth that he says

Question 27

S

Answer 27

Speaker, Who is the speaker/writer? What do we know about them? What can you tell or what do you know about the speaker that helps you understand the point of view expressed?

Question 28

P

Answer 28

Purpose, What is the speaker/writer hoping to accomplish? What is the reason behind this piece? What do they want the audience to do after having listened?

Question 29

A

Answer 29

Audience, Who is the speaker/writer trying to reach? How do we know? Do they indicate a specific audience? What assumptions exist in the text about the intended audience?

Question 30

C

Answer 30

Context, What is the time and place of this piece? What is happening in the world as it relates to the subject of the speech or the speaker/writer?

Question 31

E

Answer 31

Exigence, What was the spark or catalyst that moved the speaker/writer to act/write? How did that event impact the speaker/writer?

Question 32

C

Answer 32

Choices, What are the rhetorical choices that the speaker/writer makes in the speech? Think about overall structure, devices, diction, syntax, etc.

Question 33

A

Answer 33

Appeals, Which of the three rhetorical appeals (ethos, logos, pathos) are present in the text? Where? Why?

Question 34

T

Answer 34

Tone, What is the speaker/author’s attitude toward the subject? Is the tone the same throughout the whole piece? Where does it shift? What evidence is there to demonstrate the tone?