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Final Flashcards

1
Q

What structure is covered by many blood vessels and adheres tightly to the surface of the brain?

A

Pia mater

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2
Q

The cranial nerves that innervate the eye muscles are

A

III, IV, VI

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3
Q

Candy’s boyfriend, Jorge, has damaged one of his cranial nerves. When the doctor noticed that Jorge’s right shoulder drooped, he said ‘I believe your problem is with the ____ nerve’

A

Accessory

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4
Q

Major centers concerned with automatic control of breathing, blood pressure, heart rate, and digestive activities are located in the:

A

Medulla oblongata

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5
Q

After suffering a blow to the back of the head, Phil becomes comatose. The blow probably caused damage to the:

A

Reticular formation

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6
Q

The third and fourth ventricles are linked by a slender canal designated as the

A

Mesencephalic aqueduct

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7
Q

After suffering a stroke, Mary finds that she cannot move her right arm. This would suggest that the stroke damage is in the area of the _____ lobe.

A

Left frontal

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8
Q

Sensory information is processed and relayed to the cerebrum by the

A

Thalamus

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9
Q

Candy’s dog, Sugar’s left eye won’t track left. All of his other eye movements are normal. The problem is with nerve?

A

Abducens

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10
Q

Cerebrospinal fluid enters the subarachnoid space by the way of the:

A

Lateral and median apertures

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11
Q

Visual information from the eyes by travel from the _____ to the optic tracts.

A

Optic nerve

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12
Q

A neural cortex is found on the surface of the

A

A and C only

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13
Q

The pons contains

A

A, B, and C

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14
Q

The cranial nerve that has three major branches is the

A

Trigeminal

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15
Q

The dural sinuses are located in the

A

Dural folds

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16
Q

The ____ provides the principal link between the nervous and endocrine system.

A

Hypothalamus

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17
Q

Candy Sweets went to her dentist. He knew that she was studying A&P, so as he probing her painful upper right 2nd molar he asked her which cranial nerve was responsible for her pain. Candy muttered:

A

The trigeminal

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18
Q

Damage to the premotor cortex of the frontal lobe would interfere with the ability to:

A

Use scissors to cut out a picture

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19
Q

Overseeing the postural muscle of the body and making rapid adjustments to maintain balance and equilibrium are function of

A

Cerebellum

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20
Q

The ____ nervous system is composed of the brain and spinal cord.

A

Central

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21
Q

Parasympathetic functions include all of the following, except

A

Dilation of the airway

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22
Q

Dialation of the pupils is a ____ response

A

Sympathetic nervous system

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23
Q

Which of the following statements concerning the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system is false?

A

Preganglionic fibers are relatively short and postganglion fibers are relatively long.

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24
Q

Muscarinic receptors

A

Are normally activated by acetylcholine

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25
Q

The white ramus consists of:

A

Myelinated preganglionic axons

26
Q

Most of the parasympathetic fibers come from the:

A

Vagus nerve

27
Q

Preganglionic neurons of the autonomic nervous system are located in

A

Both on the brain and the lateral gray horns of the spinal cord

28
Q

Drugs that have effects similar to those of norepinephrine and epinephrine are called sympathomimetic drugs. Which of the following symptoms would you NOT expect to observe in a person who has taken an excess of sympathomimetic drugs?

A

Decreased blood pressure

29
Q

The ____ division of the autonomic nervous system is said to function during “rest and digest”

A

Parasympathetic

30
Q

Post-ganglionic sympathetic fibers release the neurotransmitter _____

A

Peripheral effectors at pearl like swelling called varicosities

Or acetylcholine

31
Q

The first of two motor neurons in any autonomic pathway is called

A

Preganglionic neuron

32
Q

To say that most organs innervated by the ANS have ‘dual innervation’ means that:

A

Both sympathetic and parasympathetic neurons

33
Q

The parasympathetic nervous system arises from the ____ area(s) of the spinal cord.

A

Cranial and sacral

34
Q

Terminal ganglia are part of the:

A

Preganglionic neurons (brain or sacral region of spinal cord.

35
Q

Pre-ganglionic parasympathetic fibers release the neurotransmitter ________.

A

Norepinephrine

36
Q

Splanchnic nerves:

A

Consist of axons that synapse in collateral ganglia

37
Q

Nicotinic receptors

A

Open chemically-gated sodium ion channels

38
Q

During sympathetic activation, _____ occurs.

A

All of the above

39
Q

Norepinephrine and epinephrine enter the bloodstream when sympathetic stimulation is provided to the:

A

Adrenal medulla

40
Q

Parasympathetic stimulation to the liver, stomach, and gall bladder is provided by fibers traveling with the:

A

Vagus nerve

41
Q

Olfactory nerves

A

Adapt quickly to stimuli

42
Q

Olfactory nerve fibers

A

Penetrate the cribiform plate of the ethmoid bone

43
Q

The vestibule plays an important role in the sense of

A

Balance

44
Q

The wall of the eye consists of ____ distinct layers

A

Three

45
Q

Tactile receptors composed of capsules that surround a core of collagen fibers intertwined with dendrites are called

A

Ruffini corpuscles

46
Q

There is/are ____ cones per gangion cell(s), while there are ____ rod(s) per ganglion cell.

A

Few, many

47
Q

Far-sightedness, or the inability to focus on objects near the eye, is also called:

A

Hyperopia

48
Q

The visual pigment found in all rods is:

A

Rhodopsin

49
Q

The sensory cells responsible for hearing are located in the:

A

Cochlea

50
Q

In the macula lutea are found:

A

Only cones

51
Q

Which of the following statements about hearing and the inner ear is incorrect?

A

Another name for cochlear duct is scala tympani

52
Q

Receptors that monitor the position of joints belong to the category called

A

Proprioceptors

53
Q

The aqueous humor, produced by the ciliary body, is usually reabsorbed by veins in the:

A

Canal of Schlemm

54
Q

Which of the following is not one of the special senses?

A

Vibration

55
Q

Thermoreceptors

A

All are correct

56
Q

The general senses

A

Olfaction, gustation, vision, equilibrium, and hearing.

57
Q

The auditory ossicles consists of the

A

Malleous, incus, and stapes

58
Q

The optic disc is:

A

All of the above

59
Q

There is/are ____ type(s) of cones and ___ type(s) of rods.

A

Three, one

60
Q

Which one of these cranial nerve(s) is associated with the sense of taste?

A

VII facial

Bsc (1 decks)

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