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Education > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q

Teaching as a reflective practitioner

A

means looking at what you do in the classroom, thinking about why you do it, and thinking about if it works (process of self observation and self evaluation)

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2
Q

Teacher as a technician

A

Simply implement the curriculum

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3
Q

Functionalism

A

interprets each part of society in terms of how it contributes to stability of the whole society

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4
Q

Cultural Transmission

A

the process by which one generation passes cultural traditions to the next generation

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5
Q

socialization

A

an individual acquires a personal identity by learning the norms, values, behaviours, and social skills appropriate to fit into his or her society (fits into society)

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6
Q

Hidden curriculum

A

lessons learnt but not intended

- ex. children learn not to interrupt

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7
Q

social reproduction

A

emphasis on the structures and activities that transmit social inequality from one generation to the next

  • social structure
  • rich stay rich
  • poor stay poor
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8
Q

Tabula Rasa

A

the theory that at birth, the mind is a blank slate which can be shaped by the environment

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9
Q

Education

A

is socialization and transmission of cultural values

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10
Q

Schooling

A

just one context in which “education” takes place

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11
Q

Freiere’s banking model

A

Students are viewed as empty bank accounts to be filled by teacher

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12
Q

Critical pedagogy

A

teaching method that aims to help in challenging and actively struggling against any form of social oppression and the related customs and beliefs

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13
Q

Pedagogy of the oppressed

A

education allows the oppressed to regain their sense of humanity and to in turn overcome their condition

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14
Q

Praxis

A

the process by which a theory, lesson, or skill is enacted, embodied or realized

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15
Q

Praxis int the pedagogy of the oppressed

A

reflection and action directed at the structures to be transformed

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16
Q

Perennialism

A

Schools should transmit the accumulated wisdom of past generations to today’s students in a disciplined environment.

Method is teacher centred
Didactic lecture
Socratic Questioning
Coaching

Society determines curriculum

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17
Q

Mortimer Adler’s Paideia Schools

A
  • Curriculum based on the classics (Shakespeare, Homer, Newton, Einstein etc)
  • students learn key works of Western literature and philosophy
  • No room for students to venture out on ideas of their own, only option is a 2nd language
  • Several 100 schools in the USA adopted this model
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18
Q

Progressivism

A
  • Schools should promote thinking and problem-solving to help students learn how to keep up with a changing world. Focus is on developing the whole child.
  • Curriculum is determined jointly by school, teacher and student.
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19
Q

Essentialism

A
  • Students should learn basics “3 Rs”; the teacher is the authority; School is largely preparation for workforce.
  • society and teachers determines curriculum
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20
Q

Existentialism

A
  • Schools should teach students to make responsible choices as free individuals and should encourage them to study what is of interest to them through individual discovery and inquiry.
  • Curriculum is determined by student
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21
Q

Social Reconstructionism

A
  • Schools are agents of change rather than transmitters of knowledge. It is the duty of schools to educate students to influence the reconstruction of society to make it better place to live.
  • Students and teachers work together to identify and solve social problems. Democratic Process.
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22
Q

Formal curriculum

A
  • explicit or intended
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23
Q

Informal curriculum

A
  • extracurricular experience
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24
Q

Received curriculum

A
  • the knowledge and understanding that students actually walk away with
  • connected to how its delivered
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25
Q

Learned curriculum

A
  • what student learns
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26
Q

Null curriculum

A
  • not included
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27
Q

Enacted curriculum

A
  • derived from interests
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28
Q

Primary Socialization

A
  • occurs in family
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29
Q

Secondary Socialization

A
  • school
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30
Q

Who creates the curriculum?

A
  • provincial responsibilities
  • department of ministry of education
  • explicit curriculum begins at provincial level
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31
Q

British North American Act of 1867 (Constitution Act, 1982)

A
  • Section 93 - granted authority for education to the provinces
  • Provinces have the authority to enact legislation dealing with education and have full legal responsibility for education
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32
Q

Minister of Education

A
  • makes decisions about what is taught and sets education standards and policy
  • Adrianna LaGrange
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33
Q

Curriculum Framework

A
  • Curriculum framework is an organized plan or set of standards or learning outcomes that defines the content to be learned in terms of clear, definable standards of what the student should know and be able to do
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34
Q

Framework

A
  • lengthy document which is a blueprints for implementing content standards
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35
Q

Scope and sequence

A
  • charts that lay out the various topics within a subject that will be included, as well as what level of that topic students will study at each grade level in a particular subject
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36
Q

The Western and Northern Canadian Protocol (WNCP)

A
  • Creates opportunities for a viable market for curricular resources, significant cost savings, and human resource efficiencies in providing high quality education to students.
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37
Q

Curriculum Standards

A
  • students must demonstrate that they have mastered specific academic content standard through standardized testing
  • PATs
  • Diplomas
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38
Q

Perennialism

A
  • return to the classics, critical thinking
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39
Q

Essentialism

A
  • return to basics, preparation for the workforce
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40
Q

Progressivism

A
  • focus needs of students, inquiry learning
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41
Q

Existentialism

A
  • education assigns meaning to student lives
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42
Q

Social Reconstruction

A
  • improving society, new social order
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43
Q

Humanism

A
  • humans have the intrinsic capability for personal growth

- focus on individual needs

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44
Q

Maslow Hierarchy of needs

A

physiological - safety - love & belonging - esteem - self actualization

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45
Q

Behaviourism

A
  • focus on observable behaviour
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46
Q

Palov

A
  • classical conditioning

- salivating dog and bell experiment

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47
Q

Skinner

A
  • operant conditioning

- behaviour can be shaped through reinforcement

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48
Q

Behaviourist teaching methods

A
  • drill and practice
  • repetition
  • practice
  • rewards based teaching methodologies
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49
Q

Information processing

A
  • learning is a mental process that takes place in the brain
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50
Q

Constructivism

A
  • students construct their own understanding through experiencing things and reflecting on those experiences
51
Q

CIA rope

A

Symbolizes core cycle of activities in which teachers engage:

  • curriculum
  • instruction
  • assessment
52
Q

The Constitution of Canada

A
  • guarantees Protestant and Roman Catholic rights to a separate education system (public and catholic schools)
53
Q

3 alberta legislation

A
  • teaching profession act
  • school act
  • education act
54
Q

School act

A
  • the relationship of the minister to students, parents, and school jurisdiction
55
Q

School act - 5 fundamental principles

A
  • access to quality education
  • equity
  • flexibility and choice
  • responsiveness
  • accountability
56
Q

Alberta education includes

A
  • minister of education
  • school boards
  • trustees
  • superintendent
  • principal
  • school council (parents)
  • teachers
  • students
57
Q

minister of education

A
  • makes decisions about what is taught and sets education standards and policy
58
Q

School board

A
  • (trustees) play an administrative role and decide how Alberta Education Policy will be implemented
59
Q

Superintendent

A
  • hired by board and oversees schools
60
Q

Schools

A
  • have and operational role. Teachers deliver the curriculum, principals administer schools
61
Q

School councils

A
  • (parents) play an advisory role
62
Q

Funding public and seperate schools

A
  • property taxes
  • income taxes
  • provincal grants
63
Q

Independent schools

A
  • Schools that operate independently of the local public or Catholic school board
  • Almost always governed by a parent council or school council
64
Q

Site based management

A
  • A funding model that puts authority over responsibility for spending decisions in the hands of the principal of the school
65
Q

ATA

A
  • The Teaching Profession Act 1935 gave The Alberta Teachers’ Association its legal foundation.
  • ATA was determination to have teaching recognized as a profession.
66
Q

technique

A
  • the particular practice used in the classroom
67
Q

approach

A
  • (or method) is the overarching attitude the teacher takes towards knowledge, materials at hand, the learning situation, and the roles that the teacher and students are to perform.
68
Q

4 elements of pedagogy

A
  1. The selection of the content to be taught. “The What”
  2. Hidden curriculum: the expectations and norms of the classroom, rules and procedures, nature and quality of interaction between the teacher and students and amongst the students themselves; degree of trust and cooperation, etc.
  3. The specific teaching techniques (i.e. lecture, group work, etc) “The HOW”
  4. The overall philosophy or goal governing the selection of the particular technique
69
Q

Cultural Capital

A
  • Non-financial social assets that promote social mobility beyond economic
    means, such as education, intellect, style of speech, dress and even
    physical appearance
  • forms of knowledge, skills, education, and advantages that a person has, which give them a higher status in society.
70
Q

Economical Capital

A
  • Command or control over economic resources

- Includes cash and assets such as vehicles and housing

71
Q

Social Capital

A
  • resources based on group membership, relationships, networks of influence and support.
72
Q

Symbolic Capital

A
  • Resources available to an individual on the basis of honor, prestige or recognition
  • It is not who you know, but rather “who you are
73
Q

Instititionalized

A
  • education or specialized knowledge
74
Q

Embodied

A
  • personality, speech, skills manners
75
Q

Objectified

A
  • clothes and other belongings
76
Q

Cultural Reproduction

A
  • the transmission of existing cultural values and norms from generation to generation
77
Q

intergenerational mobility

A
  • moving up or down within ones lifetime
78
Q

intragenerational mobility

A
  • moving up or down compared to parents
79
Q

Indian Act

A
  • made fed govt responsible for aboriginal youth education whos goal was to assimilate first nations
80
Q

Residential Schools

A
  • ran by the majority catholic church whos goal was to assimilate the first nation children by any measure
  • operated for over 100 years
81
Q

Funding inequality

A
  • assumed much of the teaching would be volunteer, scrambled for donations to survive, did not have enough funding, hunger became a problem amongst schools
82
Q

Girls rolls on residential schools

A
  • cooked, cleaned, sewed, mended their way through school
83
Q

Boys rolls on residential schools

A
  • manual labour
84
Q

Last residential school

A
  • closed in 1996 in sask
85
Q

Intergenerational trauma

A
  • is the transmission of historical oppression and its negative consequences across generations
86
Q

Mandate

A
  • to inform all Canadians about what happened in Indian Residential Schools
87
Q

Consenus Perspective

A
  • according to the traditional view of schools, the educational system succeeds in providing economically disadvantaged studetns with meaningful opportunities for social and economic advancement
88
Q

Interrogative Perspective

A
  • holds that the schools fail to provide most disadvantaged students with a meaningful chance to succeed in society
89
Q

Intermediate view

A
  • lies between theories, that not every student performs to the expectations based on social class
90
Q

Normalcy

A
  • the idea that there is a typical or “normal” student
91
Q

Gender

A
  • the state of being male or female with reference to social and cultural differences (not biological ones)
92
Q

ability

A
  • skill, talent, or proficiency in a particular area
93
Q

Constructivism

A
  • people construct their own understanding and knowledge through experiencing things and reflecting on those experiences. It encourages active student centered learning
94
Q

Digital Divide

A
  • the economic and social inequality with regard to access to, use of, or impact of information and communication technologies (ICT).
95
Q

Multiculturalism

A
  • is a description of the many different religious traditions and cultural influences that in their unity and coexistence results in a unique Canadian cultural mosaic
96
Q

Secularism

A
  • the separation of religion from state or government
97
Q

Intrinsic motivaiton vs extrinsic motivation

A
  • Intrinsic motivation involves doing something because it’s personally rewarding to you. Extrinsic motivation involves doing something because you want to earn a reward or avoid punishment
98
Q

BNA act - section 93

A
  • granted authority for education to the provinces
99
Q

POS

A
  • program of study

- what subject is being studied

100
Q

Philosophical objectives

A
  • mission statement
101
Q

Global objectives

A
  • curriculum guides
102
Q

Broad learning

A
  • used in unit plans
103
Q

Specific learning objectives

A
  • used in lesson plans
104
Q

Curriculum standards

A
  • students must demonstrate that they have mastered a specific academic content through standardize testing
  • PATs or diplomas
105
Q

Curriculum planning

A
  • developing learning experiences and goals taking into consideration the characteristics of the students and the teaching context
106
Q

Top down approach

A
  • starts with overall goal (yearly and end of semester goals)
  • break curriculum into units (often several weeks long)
  • plan daily lessons
107
Q

elements of planning process

A
  • educational purpose (objectives)
  • learning experiences (design)
  • evaluation (evaluation)
108
Q

SWBAT

A
  • students will be able to
109
Q

Cognitive pluralism

A
  • proposes that there are multiple ways to know and express our knowledge
110
Q

Multiple intelligences

A
  • naturalist
  • musical
  • logical/ mathematical
  • existential
  • interpersonal
  • bodily/ kinesthetic
  • linguistic
  • intra-personal
  • spatial
111
Q

Blooms revised taxonomy

A 
higher order thinking skills
- creating 
- evaluating 
- analysing 
- applying 
- understanding 
- remembering 
lower order thinking skills
112
Q

intellectual engagement

A
  • social engagement: sense of belonging (accepted by peers)
  • academic engagement: participating in school (attendance)
  • intellectual engagement: emotion and cognitive investment in learning, use of HOTS
113
Q

Emotional needs for students

A
  • to belong and feel connected
  • to feel autonomous and self- determined
  • to feel competent and accomplished
114
Q

Behaviour modification

A
  • skinner
  • behaviour controlled by teacher
  • no student self-regulation
  • reinforcement
  • punishment
115
Q

Reality/ choice therapy

A
  • self governing behaviour
  • student identification of inappropriate behaviour
  • teacher helps with plan to eliminate behaviour
  • teacher helps student stick to a plan
116
Q

Assertive discipline

A
  • rules set by teacher
  • reward for positive behaviour
  • punishment for negative behaviour
  • strong parental support
117
Q

Logical consequences

A
  • attention to inner drives of students
  • satisfying students needs
  • consequences that make sense
  • opportunity to be responsible
118
Q

Becoming a teacher in Canada

A
  • completion grade 12
  • 4 year degree in at least one year of teacher education
  • teacher certification
119
Q

Teacher Certification

A
  • apply through governing agency for teachers
120
Q

Elementary Certification requirements

A
  • 3 credits Canadian studies
  • 3 credits math
  • 3 credits science
  • 6 credits english or french
121
Q

Secondary Certification requirements

A
  • 24 credits teachable subject area

- 6 credits english or french

122
Q

Collective agreement

A
  • terms and conditions of employment are defined in collective agreements between school jurisdiction and ATA
123
Q

Teacher induction

A
  • ATA induction ceremony
  • support new teachers
  • handbooks, manuals, mentorship

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