Final Art Exam

Question 1

Dipylon Krater

Answer 1

Funerary vessel, from Dipylon Cemetery. Part of the geometric style. Narrative, inside was offering for mourning. Was a grave marker, funerary rituals recorded in two bands/registers.

Question 2

Kouros

Answer 2

“Youth”, young man, nude. Archaic

Question 3

3 Orders of Ancient Greek Architecture

Answer 3

Doric, ionic, Corinthian

Question 4

4 main periods/styles of Ancient Greek art

Answer 4

1) Geometric 900-700bc
2) Archaic 600-480bc
3) Classical:

• Early: 480-450 bce
• High: 450-400 bce
• Late: 400-323 bce

4)Hellenistic 331-323 bce

Question 5

Contrappasto

Answer 5

Counter positioning/Counter balance Way to articulate figure so it looks natural. Originated in Classical Period.

Question 6

Parthenon

Answer 6

High classical. Would have large statues in Cella. In bad shape due to natural disaster and area invaded.

Question 7

The Elgin Marbles

Answer 7

High Classical. Wet drapery technique. We’re supposed to be in Pediment of Parthenon. Was removed from Parthenon by British ambassador. Took them and sold once he became bankrupt.

Three goddesses part of Elgin Marbles, which use Wet Drapery technique.

Question 8

Spear Bearer (Doryphoros)

Answer 8

Classical due to restrained facial expressions. Demonstrates contrappasto at legs.

Question 9

Aphrodite of Melos

Answer 9

Hellenistic. Also known as Venus de Milo. Over exaggerated in midsection.

Question 10

Market Woman

Answer 10

Hellenistic, high drama. Indicates pathos. 1st Century CE.

Question 11

Nike of Samothrace

Answer 11

Hellenistic. Clear movement in sculpture, fragmentary. Circa 180 bce.

Question 12

Dying Gallic Trumpeter

Answer 12

Hellenistic. Shows pathos and emotions. Brings hero down to our level.

Question 13

She-Wolf

Answer 13

Etruscan art. Figures of people added much later in 15-16th century. Metaphor for Romans nourishing off Etruscans, metaphor for how Rome created their culture. C. 500 bce

Question 14

Atrium

Answer 14

Room with small shallow indoor pool for drinking cooking and bathing, fed by rainwater through roof.

Question 15

Stucco

Answer 15

Slow drying plaster easily modeled or molded

Question 16

Sarcophagi

Answer 16

Large carved tomb chest

Question 17

Engaged columns

Answer 17

Columns that are attached to walls.

Question 18

Aqueduct

Answer 18

Trough to carry flowing water

Question 19

Voussoirs

Answer 19

Oblong wedge-shaped stone blocks used to build arches

Question 20

Barrel vault

Answer 20

An elongated or continuous semicircular vault shaped like a half cylinder

Question 21

Groin vault

Answer 21

Created by the intersection of two barrel vaults of equal size, creating four compartments of identical size and shape

Question 22

Buttress

Answer 22

Architectural support built against an exterior wall to brace the wall and canter the thrust of the vaults

Question 23

Oculus

Answer 23

A circular opening at top of dome either open to the sky or covered by an exterior lantern

Question 24

Verism

Answer 24

An interest in the faithful reproduction f the immediate visual and tactile appearance of subjects. Distinctly Roman.

Question 25

Catacombs

Answer 25

Underground burial chamber. Earliest Christian art came from Catacombs

Question 26

Nave

Answer 26

The central aisle of a basilica

Question 27

Apse

Answer 27

A Large semicircular or polygonal Niche protruding from the end wall of a building

Question 28

3 forms of decoration in Islamic Religious art

Answer 28

Writing - Kufic script

Geometric pattern

Floral patterns - vegetal

Question 29

Kufic

Answer 29

Formal script is Block and angular strong upright strokes and long horizontals Foliated knife has Leaves and flowers appear to sprout from letters Aimated scripts Created first by adding heads to upright strokes later by forming entire letters from figures. Named after kufa the city In iraq used for inscriptions on buildings metal, wooden objects textiles writing and ink on paper or Vellum

Question 30

Tugra

Answer 30

Imperial cipher developed into a calligraphic art form by the ottomans

Question 31

Mosque

Answer 31

Building used for communal Muslim worship

Question 32

Minaret

Answer 32

Associated with Islamic art and architecture. Tower from which criers call the faithful to prayer.

Question 33

Great Mosque At Cordoba

Answer 33

Begun in 785. Located in spanish city of Cordoba. Has voussoirs.

Question 34

Tympanum

Answer 34

semi-circular area over a door enclosed by an arch and a lintel, often decorated with sculpture or mosaic

Question 35

Romanesque

Answer 35

Art from the mid eleventh through 12th century. Drew on many artistic traditions. First truly transeuropean movement in art history world.

Question 36

Millefiori

Answer 36

Italian for “a thousand flowers”, a blue checkered glass cut into precisely shaped geometric shapes, or in stylized animal form, sometimes called ‘animal style’.

Hinged Clasp from Sutton Hoo burial has this.

Question 37

Transept

Answer 37

Arm of a cruciform church, perpendicular to the nave. Gray area in picture is this:

Question 38

Parchment

Answer 38

Writing surface made from treated skins of animals. Very fine parchment is called vellum.

Question 39

Iconoclasm

Answer 39

The banning or destruction of icons and religious imagery. Image breaking.

Question 40

Scriptorium

Answer 40

A room in a monastery for writing or copying manuscripts.

Question 41

Colophon

Answer 41

Notes on the books production at the end of a manuscript.

Question 42

Codex

Answer 42

A book or group of manuscript pages, held together by stitching or binding on one side.

Question 43

Kore

Answer 43

“maiden”, clothed. Archaic

Question 44

Head of Constatine

Answer 44

From Basilica of Maxentius. 325-326 ce.

Question 45

Book of Kells

Answer 45

Most well known of surviving Hiberno-Saxon gospels. Made in Iona off coast of Scotland. Chi Rho Page gospel of Matthew, accounting Jesus’ birth, using letters Chi Rho and Iota. 185 calves slaughtered to make vellum, colors for some of the illumination came from Afghanistan.

Question 46

Book of Durrow

Answer 46

Earliest example of Hiberno-Saxon gospel books. Stylization of figures as well as interlacing. Pattern and surface decoration. Man (Symbol of Matthew) meant to symbolize instead of portraying. Interlacing around border.

Question 47

Hagia Sophia

Answer 47

Main Church of Constatine. Istanbul, Turkey. Four minarets built to surround it. Now a Mosque. Stands for “Holy Wisdom” Dome covered in mosaics.

Question 48

Sutton Hoo

Answer 48

Early 7th century burial grond, famous for contributing artifacts from several culture. Grave and occupant still unidentified. Ocupant was buried in an 86 foot long ship. Held weapons, armor and luxery items. Suffolk, England. Hinged clasp found here.