Final: Chapters 10-12 Flashcards
What is ethnocentrism?
Assumption that one’s own culture is the best.
What is the holistic view?
Approach in anthropology that considers culture, history, language and biology essential for complete understanding of a human society.
Define religion:
A set of beliefs and patterned behaviors, shared by a group of people, concerned with the supernatural.
What are the functions of religion?
explains unexplainable aspects of world, helps people understand world, preserves social order (morals, values, fears), practices aimed at success.
What are the universal elements of religion?
PP-METS-F:
Prayer, Physiological exercise, Mana, Exhortation, Taboo, Sacrifice, Feasts.
How does religion preserve social order?
Brings people together, provides community and support system, creates common identity, is important education system.
What are sacred narratives?
The myths, stories of a particular religion.
Define “ritual”
ceremonial act or repeated stylized gestures used for specific occasions involving use of religious symbols.
What is race vs ethnicity?
Race: physical characteristics that define people group. Ethnicity: cultural aspect.
An Asian-American is racially Asian, and ethnically American.
Do human races exist?
Scientifically, no, there is only one race; the human race. No biological basis for race.
What is the assimilation mode of adaptation?
Immigrants should abandon traditions and take on American culture. Resulted in settlement houses, public schools.
What is the melting pot mode of adaptation?
Immigrants will melt together to create new American culture. Limited application due to people not giving everything up.
What is the mosaic mode of adaptation?
Cultural diversity is a positive aspect of American national identity.
What are the characteristics of culture?
Learned, shared, symbolic, integrated, adaptive and changing.
What is just war?
Medieval concept, fruits of any conquest must be justified; i.e. defense, in the name of God. Crusader mentality.
