FINAL EXAM

Question 1

glucose and amino acids are reabsorbed from the glomerular filtrate by the ________.

Answer 1

proximal convoluted tubule

Question 2

which part of the nephron loop is permeable to water but not Na or Cl?

Answer 2

descending

Question 3

which of the following hormones increases water reabsorption in the collecting duct?

Answer 3

antidiuretic hormone

Question 4

which of the following hormones regulates sodium reabsorption?

Answer 4

aldosterone

Question 5

the blood vessel structure between the afferent arteriole and the efferent arteriole is the _________.

Answer 5

glomerulus

Question 6

which of the following would be abnormal to find in urine?

Answer 6

glucose

Question 7

most body water come from __________, whereas most body water is lost via ___________.

Answer 7

drinking; urine

Question 8

a normal value of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) would be __________.

Answer 8

180L/24hr

Question 9

the male urethra is _______.

Answer 9

used by the reproductive and urinary systems

Question 10

which of the following structures reabsorbs the most glomerular filtrate?

Answer 10

proximal convoluted tubule

Question 11

if you are dehydrated, your ADH levels ______ which causes your urine volume to _________, and your urine become _______ concentrated?

Answer 11

increase; decrease; more

Question 12

all of the following structures are part of the male reproductive system EXCEPT:

Answer 12

fimbriae

Question 13

where is ADH released from?

Answer 13

posterior pituitary gland

Question 14

how many chromosomes does a human sperm contain?

Answer 14

23

Question 15

which of the following statements about asexual reproduction is NOT true?

Answer 15

asexual reproduction produces a lot of genetic variation that allows the species to adapt quickly to changing environmental conditions

Question 16

the most important role of meiosis in sexual reproduction is _______.

Answer 16

that is prevents the chromosome number from doubling in each generation

Question 16

the _______ is the gonad, and the _______ is the gamete

Answer 16

testis; sperm

Question 17

where is most of the body’s water found?

Answer 17

intracellular fluid

Question 18

all of the following are part of the nephron EXCEPT the

Answer 18

renal medulla

Question 19

what is the basic functional unit of the kidney?

Answer 19

nephron

Question 20

what is the tube through which urine leaves the urinary bladder?

Answer 20

urethra

Question 21

which of the following describes the role of the urinary systems in maintaining cellular homeostasis?

Answer 21

urinary systems regulate water balance, pH, and the concentrations of ions in body fluids for cells

Question 22

in a healthy kidney, which of the following would you NOT expect to find in the filtrate?

Answer 22

erythrocytes

Question 23

when urine leaves the kidneys, it enters the…

Answer 23

ureters

Question 24

which sequence properly describes the flow of filtrate through the nephron?

Answer 24

glomerular capsule, proximal tubule, nephron loop, distal tubule, collecting duct

Question 25

what is the best explanation for the microvilli on the apical surface of the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT)?

Answer 25

they increase the surface area and allow for a greater volume of filtrate components to be reabsorbed

Question 26

what is the process by which water and nutrients are removed from the filtrate and returned to the blood?

Answer 26

reabsorption

Question 27

which portion of the nephron receives filtrate from the glomerular capsule?

Answer 27

proximal tubule

Question 28

which of the following is not a function of the human urinary systems?

Answer 28

regulating body temperature