Final Exam

Question 1

Dictyostelium

Answer 1

cellular slime molds

Question 2

myxomycetes

Answer 2

acellular slime molds

Question 3

Physarum polycephalum

Answer 3

acellular slime mold species

Question 4

phagocytosis

Answer 4

the process by which a cell—often a “protist”—engulfs a solid particle to form an internal vesicle known as a phagosome

Question 5

peridium, stalk, and hypothallus

Answer 5

outer characteristics of sporophore

Question 6

capillitia and columella

Answer 6

inner features of sporophore

Question 7

Sporangia

Answer 7

“classic” sporophore

Question 8

aethalium

Answer 8

sporophore with fairly large cushion shaped structure

Question 9

plasmodiocarp

Answer 9

sporophore with plasmodial veination and is stalkless

Question 10

aggregation

Answer 10

stage where all the amoebae are migrating toward the center of production in pulsating streams

Question 11

prestalk cells

Answer 11

anterior portion of slug, swell, form cell wall, become vacuolated and eventually become stalk cells

Question 12

prespore cells

Answer 12

posterior portion of slug, form prespore vacuoles, eventually become spores

Question 13

culmination

Answer 13

slug migration ceases and they become globose. prestalk cells form beginning of the stalk

Question 14

Urediniomycetes

Answer 14

Rusts

Question 15

Puccinia graminis

Answer 15

wheat rust that uses barberry plants and wheat plants during it’s 5 spore stage life cycle

Question 16

Spermogonium

Answer 16

spore structure on the topside of the leaf, flexuous hypha, Spermatia (spores) are insect dispersed

Question 17

macrocyclic

Answer 17

go through all 5 spore stages

Question 18

microcyclic

Answer 18

go through 2 spore stages (teliospores and basidiospores)

Question 18

Uredinium

Answer 18

urediniospores (wind dispersed), asexual cycle, on cereals

Question 18

Telium

Answer 18

teliospores, cells stacked on top of each other, karyogamy occurs and then miosis creating basidiospores

Question 18

Ustilaginomycetes

Answer 18

smuts

Question 19

Aecium

Answer 19

underside of leaf, aeciospores (wind-dispersed), after plasmogamy and dikaryotization

Question 20

hymenium

Answer 20

fertile layer where sexual spores are formed

Question 21

Heterobasidiomycetes

Answer 21

Jelly fungi and allies

Question 22

Phragmobasidia and Tuning fork Basidium

Answer 22

jellies and friends

Question 23

Homobasidiomycetes

Answer 23

classic mushrooms, morphological groups of polypores, eugarics, boletoid, russuloid, and canthraelloid

Question 24

gasteromycetes

Answer 24

basidiomycetes with closed sporocarps, more of an honorary group, contains puffballs, birds nest fungi, stinkhorns, and false truffles

Question 25

puffballs

Answer 25

closed sporocarp where when the outer protective layer is broken, the basidiospores escape in smoky cloud

Question 26

birds nest fungi

Answer 26

the basidia and basidiospores develop in structures called peridioles

Question 27

stinkhorns

Answer 27

gleba slimy, smelly, spores are insect dispered

Question 28

false truffles

Answer 28

below ground, not yummy, not real because spp belongs to basidiomycota and not asco.

Question 29

polypores

Answer 29

bracket fungi, woody sporocarps are called conks, most inhabit trees and consume the wood, efficient decomposers of lignin and cellulose

Question 30

generative hyphae

Answer 30

usually still “alive”
and bear the spores

Question 31

binding hyphae

Answer 31

Long, frequently branched, thick-
walled hyphae

Question 32

skeletal hyphae

Answer 32

Long, unbranched, thick-walled
hyphae

Question 33

trimitic

Answer 33

polypore that possesses all three types of hyphae

Question 34

boletoid

Answer 34

typically ectomycorrhizal, large fleshy mushrooms, tubularrymenophores

Question 35

textures of sporcarps

Answer 35

woody (fomes), fleshy (polyporus), or leathery (trametes)

Question 36

tubularrymenophores

Answer 36

pores under their caps

Question 37

Russuloid

Answer 37

brittle chalky fruiting bodies due to tissue containing islands of sphaerocytes/sphaerocystes (round cells) that act as weak points

Question 38

Clavorioid fungi

Answer 38

coral fungi

Question 39

corticioid fungi

Answer 39

crust fungi

Question 40

hydnoid fungi

Answer 40

tooth fungi

Question 41

conservation

Answer 41

the preservation, protection, or restoration of the natural environment, ecosystems, vegetation, and wildlife.

Question 42

IUCN Red List

Answer 42

International Union for Conservation of Nature

Question 43

Straminipila

Answer 43

supergroup containing Labrinthulomycota, oomycota, and hyphochytrids which are more closely related to algae but have fungal like lifestyles

Question 44

Stramenopila

Answer 44

cell walls with cellulose, cell membranes with plant sterols, lysine biosynthesis via DAP pathway, tinsel flagella

Question 45

straminipilouse

Answer 45

tinsel flagella

Question 46

labrinthulomycota

Answer 46

slime nets, 2 kinds of flagella, freswater and marine, attach to solid substrates with networks of slime within which there are vegetative cells, feed by absorption, diseases of “grass”

Question 47

oomycota

Answer 47

water is critical to life, major pathogens (potato blight, downy mildew on grapes, European crayfish), biflagellated zoospores, oospore = sexual spore, haplobiontic lifecycle

Question 48

buller’s drop

Answer 48

“drop” of fluid that forms on bottom of spore near the sterigma

Question 49

adaxial spore

Answer 49

fluid that builds up along side of spore