final exam Flashcards

1
Q

mediated communication

A
  • communication that is mediated by a channel or tool to transmit or receive a message
  • CMC - computer mediated communication
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2
Q

emoticons

A
  • can be used to replicate emotions and expressions generally shown by nonverbal expressions
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3
Q

chronemics

A
  • the study of how humans use time to communicate
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4
Q

synchronous

A
  • communication that occurs simultaneously or live
  • face to face
  • skype
  • facetime
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5
Q

asynchronous

A
  • communication that is interrupted with periods of time
  • unique to CMC
  • email
  • text message
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6
Q

response latency

A
  • the gap in time between sending and receiving messages
  • this time can communicate its own message
  • longer response latency = more uncertainty
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7
Q

CMC vs face to face communication

A
  • a growing number of interpersonal relationships are forming through CMC
  • dating websites
  • facebook
  • twitter
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8
Q

social information processing theory (SIP)

A
  • theoretical perspective designed to explain the differences between face to face and mediated relationships
  • argues that relationships can be the same quality wvwn if formed through mediated channels
  • primary difference is due to bandwidth
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9
Q

bandwidth

A
  • the amount of information that can be communicated at a given time
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10
Q

media richness and nonverbal communication

A
  • some channels allow for more information and more effective communication than other channels
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11
Q

media richness theory

A
  • classifies channels of comm on a continuum from lean (a poster) to rich (facetime)
  • the more rich the channel, the more effective the communication
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12
Q

facial primacy

A
  • the tendency to give more weight to the face than to other comm channels
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13
Q

avatars and nonverbal implications

A
  • avitars-mediated embodiments and manifestations of human characteristics
  • viewed as a nonverbal expression of self
  • representative of the symbolic nature of nonverbal comm
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14
Q

social presence

A
  • identifying and connecting with other people or other things and reducing the psychological distance through technology
  • creates a sense that we are a part of something else
  • using this perspective comm (both verbal and nonverbal) becomes ore meaningful at an interpersonal level
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15
Q

danger in communicating using CMC

A
  • nonverbal images (such as pictures of yourself) could have negative ramifications long-term
  • if it is online it can be found and is perminent
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16
Q

contexxt

A
  • featured of a social encounter that provide key markers for the meaning of any given behavior
  • some researchers argue that we can only understand NV behaviors when they are considered within their social context
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17
Q

advertising meaasges

A
  • nonverbal elements account for an overwhelming about of the total advertising message
  • settings, clothes, music, props, physical characteristics
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18
Q

advertising effectiveness

A
  • we are less guarded against NV and less critical of the NV contents
  • we are most vulnerable to NV influences when we are distracted or not closely attending the persuasion attempt
  • effective adds can manipulate how we feel or think about social groups and ourselves
  • healthy attractive people selling sneakers
19
Q

political messages

A
  • pay more attention to candidates now that we can see their emotions and NV cues through TV and the internet
  • image advisors used to address attire, posture, facial expressions, etc.
20
Q

origins of NV messages in campaigns

A
  • nixon vs kennedy
  • nixon won on paper but lost in terms of how he presented himself on tv
  • kennedy looked more relaxed
21
Q

most emphasized elements of NV in politics

A
  • tone of voice
  • eye contact
  • attire/dress
  • gestures & posture
22
Q

NVC in educational context (teachers)

A
  • NV behaviors help students understand the course material and are used to create a supportive classroom climate
  • immediacy behaviors: eye contact, moving around the room (one of the biggest predictors of students learning)
  • personal appearance affects whether students talk to him or her after class
23
Q

NVC in educational context (students)

A
  • NV behaviors can indicate understanding, attention, and affect for class
  • facial expressions indicate comprehension
  • avoid eye contact to avoid participation
24
Q

positive student teacher relationships are characterized by

A
  • open communication
  • closer proxemics
  • greater eye contact
  • mutual trust
25
Q

3 benefits of NVC in classrooms

A
  • increases students ability to learn and understand course content
  • increase students satisfaction with their classroom experiences
  • increase instructors ability to teach diverse groups of students
26
Q

NVC at work

A
  • can contribute to productivity, effectiveness, and satisfaction
  • NV elements: space, territory, personal space, time, touch
27
Q

functionalist

A
  • focuses on the practicality of NVC in organizations
28
Q

critical

A
  • focuses on the symbolized meaning of NV

- often stresses how NVC is used to marginalize subordinates and/or groups

29
Q

spaces

A
  • spaces and environments influence employees attitudes and behaviors
  • more windows increase happiness
  • bright/neutral colors increase satisfaction
  • open spaces increase communication
  • power can also be reflected in the amount of space that each employee is given (office size, cubicle)
30
Q

open door policy

A
  • preferred in workplaces, honest communication
31
Q

closed door policy

A
  • suggest that employees prefer privacy over collaboration
32
Q

personal space

A
  • highly values in organizations
  • leaders are permitted more personal space than subordinated
  • violations of personal space can create organizational turbulence and lead to conflict
33
Q

touch in status and power

A
  • superiors indicate control touch behaviors more often than the subordinates
  • handshakes
34
Q

touch in sex differences

A
  • historically touching between male and females is perceived negatively at work
  • could potentially be considered sexual harassment
35
Q

kinesics

A
  • facial expressions
  • largely misunderstood at work
  • taught to mask our emotions (game face)
36
Q

emotional work

A
  • refers to the manifestation of false impressions that are shown through physical behaviors
  • body posture, gestures
37
Q

impression management

A
  • individuals making conscious efforts to control the impressions they make
  • NVC is the primary way that individuals manage their impressions
  • related to perceived efficiency and job promotions
38
Q

credible leadership techniques

A

four NV strategies associated with effective organizational leaders

  • physical appearance
  • posture
  • vocalics
  • eye contact
39
Q

superior subordinate relationship

A
  • good relationship is one of the strongest predictiors of workplace satisfaction
40
Q

leader member exchange theory

A
  • some employees will be in the “in group” with the boss, and other will be in the “out group”
  • these groups are reflective of the differences in NV behaviors shown to subordinated (ex. touch, proxemics)
41
Q

Kram & Isabella 3 types of organizational peers

A
  • informational peers - short time to develop, communicate only about information related to work
  • collegial peers - some time to develop, talk about work and personal life
  • special peers - years to develop, basically like best friends
42
Q

employee to customer

A
  • customer is typically aware of at least 3 NV cues in a 60 second pitch
  • NV cues related to openness, trustworthiness, and agreeableness often related to sales effectiveness
43
Q

interviewing do

A
  • respect the personal space
  • look good and clean
  • keep and even tone
  • relax and lean a little forward
  • hold a pen or notepad or the arm rest if you are unsure what to do with your hands
44
Q

interviewing dont

A
  • unusual handshake
  • poor or too much eye contact
  • out of control gestures
  • lack of facial expression
  • poor posture
  • odd attire
  • too much cologne/ aftershave/ perfume
  • click your pen/ bounce your legs/ fidget