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Women's Health MIdterm > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

All except which of the following are important historical questions for a 29-year-old woman in clinic for right-sided weakness?

A

History of pelvic inflammatory disease

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2
Q

A 19-year-old pregnant patient, at 20 weeks gestation, complains of pain in the right lower quadrant. She is afebrile and denies nausea and vomiting. The most likely diagnosis is

A

Round ligament pain

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3
Q

It is imperative that the nurse practitioner teach patients taking an oral contraceptive to report any of the danger signs of complications. Which of the following would be of least concern to the nurse practitioner?

A

Weight gain

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4
Q

Aida, who is 29 weeks pregnant, received a blunt trauma to the abdomen during an argument with her boyfriend. She has no obvious injuries and denies pain. Aida needs to be monitored for the occurrence of

A

Abruptio placentae

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5
Q

What distinguishes pyelonephritis from cystitis?

A

The infection has ascended to the kidneys

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6
Q

During nursery rounds, you examine a 12-hour-old newborn. The infant has a yellow tint to the skin and sclera. What lab test will you order to further evaluate this infant?

A

Direct Coombs’ test

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7
Q

The treatment(s) with demonstrated effectiveness relieving symptoms of dysmenorrhea in women with premenstrual syndrome is (are):

A

The NSAIDs

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8
Q

What has changed in terms of recommended antibiotic treatment for uncomplicated lower UTIs?

A

Three-day regimens are now recommended

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9
Q

In evaluating a mother-and-infant breastfeeding situation, signs of an effective latch at the breast are

A

Infant’s lips flanged out, cheeks full

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10
Q

Heger’s sign, a physiological sign of pregnancy, is

A

Softness of the uterus and ballottement at the isthmus

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11
Q

Susie, who is 16 weeks pregnant, is having mild cramps with persistent and excessive bleeding. Upon examination, you find that some portion of the products of conception (placental) remain in the uterus, but the fetus has been expelled. What type of abortion is Susie having?

A

Incomplete

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12
Q

The best way for a pregnant woman to avoid injury to herself and her fetus in the event of a motor vehicle accident (MVA) is to

A

Use both the lap restraint and shoulder restraint

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13
Q

What is the general goal of surgical treatment for stress UI?

A

To support and stabilize the urethra

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14
Q

To prevent breast trauma during the breastfeeding, the nurse practitioner should stress the importance of

A

Positioning of the infant

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15
Q

Optimal weight gain during pregnancy is based on the woman’s prepregnant BMI and:

A

Age

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16
Q

Samantha, who has genital herpes, just found out that she is pregnant. Although she has not had a recurrence in years, she states that she has heard that genital herpes might cause a spontaneous abortion. You know that genital herpes

A

Might cause a spontaneous abortion if the primary infection was early in the pregnancy

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17
Q

Nelda is breastfeeding her 6-week-old daughter. She comes today with pain, a lump in her right breast, and flu-like symptoms. You see that the breast is engorged, erythematous, and warm to the touch. Her temperature is 101.8°F. Your diagnosis is:

A

Mastitis

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18
Q

When evaluating Marge during her first obstetric visit, you assess the shape of her pelvis. While drawing her a picture of her android-type pelvis, you explain that it has:

A

A wedge-shaped inlet, a narrow forepelvis, a flat posterior segment, and a narrow sacrosciatic notch with the sacrum inclining forward

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19
Q

A 45-year-old patient voices concern about her hot flashes and irregular menstral periods. What diagnostic test would the nurse practitioner order to confirm the beginning of menopause?

A

Serum follicular stimulating hormone (FSH)

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20
Q

The reason most often cited to explain why women who have had a usual length of stay and normal delivery discontinue breastfeeding before 8 weeks postpartum is:

A

The perception that the infant isn’t receiving enough milk

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21
Q

Lynn comes to the clinic for her initial prenatal visit. Based on her menstral history, the client is at 9 weeks’ gestation and is scheduled to have an ultrasound for estimation of the gestational age of the fetus. Which fetal measurement is the best indicator of gestational age at this time?

A

Crown-rump measurement

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22
Q

What is a common cause of leg cramps during pregnancy?

A

An imbalance of calcium and magnesium

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23
Q

A 15-year-old pregnant patient presents for her first prenatal visit. On physical examination, her uterus is approximately 24-week gestation size. She does not know when her last menstrual period was or when she might have conceived. Gestational age for this patient can most accurately be assessed by:

A

Ultrasonography

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24
Q

What is the most common disorder leading to hyperthyroidism?

A

Graves disease

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25
Q

Margie, who has been breastfeeding for 4 weeks, has mastitis in her right breast and is taking Dixcloxacillin. She asks you what she needs to do about feeding the baby. You respond

A

There is no need to stop breastfeeding, but start with your left side.”

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26
Q

What is the minimum number of cafe-au-lait spot that should be of concern?

A

More than 5

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27
Q

An autosomal recessive disorder such as cystic fibrosis is expressed in the offspring when:

A

Both parents carry the gene

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28
Q

Glenda gave birth to Jack 4 weeks ago. Her postpartum course was complicated by an intrauterine infection that was successfully treated with antibiotics. Today Glenda calls the office because Jack has white patches on his tongue and gums. She is concerned that her milk has become “sour” and is causing the white patches in Jack’s mouth. Based on these data, what diagnosis do you expect for Jack?

A

Oral candidiasis

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29
Q

Sandra, who is 5 months pregnant and of average height and weight, asks you how many extra calories she should be adding to her diet per day. You tell her to add:

A

300 calories

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30
Q

What do current theories suggest as to how cranberry products can reduce UTIs?

A

The fructose keeps E. coli bacteria from adhering to bladder cell walls.

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31
Q

When is round ligament pain most likely to occur in pregnant women?

A

16-20 wks gestation

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32
Q

Kim states that she has heard many old wives’ tales of harmful things during pregnancy. Which of the following is harmful late in pregnancy?

A

Douching

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33
Q

NSAID use during pregnancy has been linked to which condition in newborns?

A

Pulmonary HTN

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34
Q

Carbohydrate intolerance and increased insulin resistance first recognized in pregnancy is known as:

A

Gestational Diabetes

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35
Q

What is considered to be a common trigger of psoriasis?

A

Stress

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36
Q

The drug of choice for the pregnant woman with diabetes is

A

Insulin

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37
Q

Screening for hyperlipidemia is recommended to begin at what age for women with no risk factors?

A

45

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38
Q

Any woman with a complicated cystitis or symptoms of upper tract disease needs a urine culture and:

A

Sensitivity test

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39
Q

What is a possible cause of abdominal pain during pregnancy?

A

Round ligament pain

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40
Q

All except which of the following are important historical questions for a 29-year-old woman in clinic for right-sided weakness?

A

History of pelvic inflammatory disease

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41
Q

What do current theories suggest as to how cranberry products can reduce UTIs?

A

The fructose keeps E. coli bacteria from adhering to bladder cell walls.

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42
Q

How does the third stage of labor end?

A

With the delivery of the placenta

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43
Q

What is the term for the craving and purposeful consumption of nonfood items for more than one month?

A

Pica

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44
Q

In order to maintain continence bladder pressure must be

A

lower than urethral pressure.

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45
Q

What is the general goal of surgical treatment for stress UI?

A

To support and stabilize the urethra

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46
Q

What is the leading cause of first-trimester maternal death?

A

Ectopic pregnancy

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47
Q

What is more likely to occur in women with female genital cutting?

A

Birth-related complications

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48
Q

What is a contributor to the increased incidence of heartburn during pregnancy?

A

The pregnancy hormone relaxin, which softens the lower esophageal sphincter

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49
Q

What distinguishes pyelonephritis from cystitis?

A

The infection has ascended to the kidneys.

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50
Q

What is the most typical schedule of prenatal care in the first 28 weeks of pregnancy?

A

Visits scheduled every 4 weeks

51
Q

After how many weeks’ gestation is a pregnancy loss considered a fetal death or stillbirth?

A

20wks

52
Q

What is an indication of the second stage of labor?

A

complete dilation of cervix

53
Q

How can hormonal influences during pregnancy cause backache?

A

They loosen ligaments and joints.

54
Q

Carbohydrate intolerance and increased insulin resistance first recognized in pregnancy is known as:

A

Gestational diabetes

55
Q

Where does edema tend to occur in the pregnant woman’s body?

A

Feet

56
Q

What is important to consider when vaginal bleeding occurs during the first trimester?

A

Ectopic pregnancy

57
Q

The primary endocrine disorders affecting women are diabetes mellitus and:

A

Thyroid conditions

58
Q

What is the potential danger of a fetus born through meconium-stained amniotic fluid?

A

The infant can breathe meconium into the lungs.

59
Q

What tends to cause acne in adolescence?

A

An increase in testosterone

60
Q

What is the term for a postpartum disorder in which bacteria ascend from the lower genital tract and infect the uterus?

A

Postpartum endometritis

61
Q

What step can a clinician take to learn more about any chemicals used in a woman’s workplace?

A

Ask the woman to obtain her workplace MSDs (material safety data sheets).

62
Q

What can be used as a space-filling device, replacing normal pressure on the vaginal walls when levator ani support is unreliable?

A

Tampons

63
Q

A common prenatal care model in which women have their first visit with one provider and then subsequent visits in a group setting is called:

A

Centering Pregnancy

64
Q

What is the most common cause of medical complications in pregnancy?

A

Hypertension

65
Q

Fever associated with pyelonephritis will usually resolve within how many hours of treatment with antibiotics?

A

72 hours

66
Q

What is significant about cytomegalovirus (CMV)?

A

It can remain dormant within the body for life.

67
Q

How does women’s anatomy make them more susceptible to UTIs?

A

Their urethras are shorter.

68
Q

What has changed in terms of recommended antibiotic treatment for uncomplicated lower UTIs?

A

Three-day regimens are now recommended.

69
Q

Screening for hyperlipidemia is recommended to begin at what age for women with no risk factors?

A

45

70
Q

What is the term for stimulation of the uterus by an external agent to enhance uterine contractions after labor has started?

A

Augmentation

71
Q

At what time during pregnancy does nausea typically occur?

A

6-8 weeks gestation

72
Q

Gender differences in heart disease can be found in:

A

All of the above

73
Q

What is the most common cause of death in women in the United States?

A

Cardiovascular disease

74
Q

When can relief from pregnancy induces nausea and vomiting be expected?

A

12-14wks gestation

75
Q

What is a common cause of leg cramps during pregnancy?

A

An imbalance of calcium and magnesium

76
Q

In the formula to estimate gestational age, woman are considered pregnant from: ___________________________

A

The first day of the last menstrual period

77
Q

How are pregnancy-related DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) needs best met?

A

By consuming 2 servings of fatty low-mercury-content fish per week

78
Q

Sarah, who just found out she is pregnant, is taking prenatal vitamins with extra daily supplements of iron. She may be a candidate for

A

Premature delivery

79
Q

Margie, who has been breastfeeding for 4 weeks, has mastitis in her right breast and is taking Dixcloxacillin. She asks you what she needs to do about feeding the baby. You respond

A

“There is no need to stop breastfeeding, but start with your left side.”

80
Q

A 25-year-old obese female has a history of frequent candida vaginal infections in the past year. She is in a monogamous sexual relationship and uses and intrauterine device (IUD) for contraception. Of the following, which is the most likely underlying condition predisposing her to recurring candida vaginitis?

A

Diabetes mellitus

81
Q

Qualitative urine testing for hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) can be done reliably ________ days after implantation of the blastocyst (fertilized egg).

A

7-9 days

82
Q

Karen is taking oral contraceptive pills for fertility control. Karen calls the clinic and reports the presence of chest pain and shortness of breath. You instruct Karen to:

A

Go to the nearest emergency room immediately to be evaluated.

83
Q

A new mother asks, “Is it true that breast milk will prevent my baby from catching colds and other infections?” You should give which of the following replies based on current research findings:

A

“Your baby will have increased resistance to illness caused by bacteria and viruses, but he may still contract infections.”

84
Q

What is a contributor to the increased incidence of heartburn during pregnancy?

A

The pregnancy hormone relaxin, which softens the lower esophageal sphincter

85
Q

Lynn comes to the clinic for her initial prenatal visit. Based on her menstral history, the client is at 9 weeks’ gestation and is scheduled to have an ultrasound for estimation of the gestational age of the fetus. Which fetal measurement is the best indicator of gestational age at this time?

A

crown-rump measurment

86
Q

A 28-year-old pregnant patient, at 18 weeks gestation, complains of feeling lightheaded when standing. which of the following is an appropriate response by the nurse practitioner?

A

Blood pressure normally decreases during pregnancy and can cause this symptom.

87
Q

In order to maintain continence bladder pressure must be

A

lower than urethral pressure

88
Q

Which of the following drugs should be used with extreme caution in breastfeeding mothers?

A

Phenobarbital

89
Q

How can hormonal influences during pregnancy cause backache?

A

They loosen ligaments and joints.

90
Q

According to Naegele’s rule, if a woman’s last normal menstral period (LNMP) was September 23, what is her estimated date of delivery?

A

June 30

91
Q

A poorly defined, flat, blue-black macule, present at birth and usually on the trunk and buttocks, is a

A

Mongolian spot

92
Q

Without treatment shortly after birth, as many as 90 percent of infants born to hepatitis B–infected mothers will:

A

Become infected

93
Q

A 28-year-old pregnant patient gives a history of smoking 1 pack of cigarettes per day (1 PPD). The nurse practitioner is accurate when she tells the patient that cigarette smoking is associated with:

A

Intrauterine growth restriction

94
Q

Which of the following does not increase a woman’s risk for developing cervical cancer?

A

Nulliparity

95
Q

What is the best description of Bishop’s score?

A

It is an assessment of the cervix’s readiness for elective induction.

96
Q

Sandra, who is 5 months pregnant and of average height and weight, asks you how many extra calories she should be adding to her diet per day. You tell her to add:

A

300 calories

97
Q

What components make up the biophysical profile?

A

Fetal tone, breathing, motion, amniotic fluid volume, and nonstress test.

98
Q

What is the leading cause of first-trimester maternal death?

A

Ectopic pregnancy

99
Q

A newborn delivered by a mother with no prenatal care exhibits the following: dysmorphic facial features including short palpebral fissures, a thin upper lip, an elongated and flattened philtrum, and a flattened midface region. You suspect that the mother engaged in what behavior during pregnancy?

A

Excessive alcohol intake

100
Q

What is the simplest and safest method of suppressing lactation after it has started?

A

Gradually weaning the baby to a bottle or cup over a 3-week period

101
Q

Uncomplicated acute bacterial cystitis occurs in women who:

A

Have no signs of upper tract infection

102
Q

Which of the following diseases is not acquired transplancentally?

A

Tuberculosis

103
Q

Carrie is due to deliver her second baby. During your work-up, you note that she hemorrhaged after delivering her first baby 2 years ago, has always had menorrhagia, and bruises easily. Her lab work reveals a normal blood work-up, including a normal prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time. What do you suspect?

A

Von Willibrand’s disease

104
Q

Which of the following recommendations should you provide to parents about reducing the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)?

A

A bare crib with firm sleep surface; no soft objects, wedges, or ruffles.

105
Q

What is the recommended timing for gestational diabetes screening?

A

24-28 wks gestation

106
Q

What is an indication of the second stage of labor?

A

Complete dilation of cervix

107
Q

Liza is 34 weeks pregnant and has mild hypertension. You are performing a nonstress test (NST). What is the criterion for a reactive NST?

A

At least two fetal heart rate accelerations in response to fetal movement in a 20-minute test period.

108
Q

You see G5P4015 on a client’s history form. You surmise that

A

The woman has five living children, including a set of twins, and she has had one abortion.

109
Q

A 30-year-old female patient is seeking advice from the nurse practitioner about becoming pregnant. She is currently taking an oral contraceptive. She gives a history of having a hydatidiform molar pregnancy 2 years ago. The appropriate plan of care for this patient should include:

A

discontinuing the OCP

110
Q

A woman with hyperemesis gravidarum would most likely benefit from a plan of care designed to address which of the following nursing diagnosis?

A

Anxiety, related to effects of hyperemesis on fetal well-being

111
Q

All except which of the following are important historical questions for a 29-year-old woman in clinic for right-sided weakness?

A

Hx of PID

112
Q

The onset of labor is indicated by regular uterine contractions and:

A

Progressive cervical change

113
Q

An example of an X-linked recessive condition or trait is

A

Hemophilia

114
Q

The majority of early pregnancy losses are due to:

A

Unknown causes

115
Q

Any woman with a complicated cystitis or symptoms of upper tract disease needs a urine culture and:

A

Sensitivity test

116
Q

How are pregnancy-related DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) needs best met?

A

By consuming 2 servings of fatty low-mercury-content fish per week

117
Q

What is more likely to occur in women with female genital cutting?

A

birth-related complications

118
Q

Which of the following is a predictor of impending preterm birth?

A

Positive fetal fibronectin testing

119
Q

What was the reason that prenatal care began in the early 1900s?

A

Screen for preeclampsia

120
Q

What do current theories suggest as to how cranberry products can reduce UTIs?

A

The fructose keeps E. coli bacteria from adhering to bladder cell walls.

121
Q

After how many weeks’ gestation is a pregnancy loss considered a fetal death or stillbirth?

A

20 weeks

122
Q

What significantly increases the risk of hypertension in women?

A

Onset of menopause

123
Q

What should be addressed during late postpartum maternal evaluation (weeks 2–6)?

A

The need for birth control information or supplies

124
Q

Where does edema tend to occur in the pregnant woman’s body?

A

Feet

Women's Health MIdterm (2 decks)

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