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A&P > Final Review > Flashcards

Final Review Flashcards

1
Q

The four most common elements in the human body, in order of descending quantity, are hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen.

A

False

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2
Q

Positive feedback systems ______.

A

Involve blood clotting and the birthing of a baby, and operate in such a way that the initial stimulus is enhanced and increases

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3
Q

Which orientation and directional term means toward the midline of the body?

A

Medial

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4
Q

Identify the cavity that houses the heart and lungs (and other organs).

A

Label C

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5
Q

The abdominopelvic and thoracic cavities are subdivisions of the ______ cavity.

A

Ventral

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6
Q

_______ refers to all of the chemical reactions in the body.

A

Metabolism

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7
Q

Anaphase is the stage of cell division when the cleavage furrow first appears.

A

True

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8
Q

The layer of serous membrane that covers an organ is known as the ______ layer.

A

Visceral

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8
Q

The type of epithelial tissue found lining organs of the digestive system such as small intestines is ______.

A

Simple Columnar

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8
Q

The lower the pH, the greater the number of hydrogen ions released by a chemical into the solution.

A

True

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8
Q

Glycogen and starch are examples of a specific category of carbohydrates ______.

A

Polysaccharides

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8
Q

______, a type of cell junction, anchors adjacent cells together and prevents cells from being pulled apart.

A

Desmosomes

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9
Q

A molecule of methane, CH4, is known specifically as an ______.

A

Compound

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10
Q

The pleura and pericardium are examples of ______ membranes that cover organs in body cavity close to the exterior.

A

Serous

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11
Q

Compact bone

A

C

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12
Q

Ossification of the ends of long bones ______.

A

Is produced by secondary ossification centers

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13
Q

Prevention of osteoporosis includes adequate intake of ______.

A

Calcium and vitamin D

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14
Q

Which tissue in the wall of the uterus is required for labor contractions

A

Smooth muscles

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15
Q
  1. The lining of the marrow cavity
  2. The Cells that dissolve the bony matrix
  3. Small channels that radiate through the matrix of the bone
  4. Layers of bone matrix
A
  1. Endosteum
  2. Osteoclasts
  3. Canaliculi
  4. Lamellae
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16
Q

A dendritic or Langerhans cell is specialized ______.

A

Phagocytic cell

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17
Q

The reason that intervertebral discs exhibit a large amount of tensile strength, which allows them to absorb shock, is because they possess ______.

A

Collagen fibers

18
Q

The area where yellow marrow is found.

A

D

19
Q

What type of exocrine has small portions of its epithelial cell as its secretion?

A

Apocrine

20
Q

The membranous layer that covers the surface of an organ in a body cavity is called the visceral layer of the membrane. The layer that lines the wall of the body cavity is called the parietal layer.

A

True

21
Q

The inability to absorb digested nutrients and secrete mucus might indicate a disorder in which epithelial tissue?

A

Simple columnar

22
Q

Which type of skin cancer appears as a scaly reddened papule and tends to grow rapidly and metastasize?

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

23
Q

Sudoriferous (sweat) glands are categorized into two distinct types. Which of the following are the two types of sweat glands?

A

Eccrine and apocrine

24
Q

The fiber type that gives connective tissue great tensile strength is ______.

A

Collagen

25
Q

Elastic cartilage tissue is found in the walls of the large arteries that leave the heart.

A

True

26
Q

A ciliated version of pseudostratified columnar containing mucus-secreting goblet cells ______.

A

Lines most of the respiratory tract

27
Q

The cell responsible for secreting the matrix of bone is the ______.

A

Osteoblast

28
Q

Which of the following epithelial forms the walls of the air sacs across which gas exchange occurs in the lungs?

A

Simple Squamous

29
Q

The primary blast cell for connective tissue proper is the ______.

A

Fibroblast

30
Q

Which of the flowing cells and their functions are correctly matched?

A

Dendritic (Langerhan) cells

31
Q

For intramembranous ossification to take place, which of the following is necessary?

A

Ossification centers

32
Q
  1. The ______ are found deep in the diaphysis flong bones and are filled with yellow marrow in the adult.
  2. SUpple the compact bone. ______ contain the arterial venous and nervous supply for the compact bone.
  3. Occupied by osteocytes, which are osteoblasts encased in matrix, ______ are found between layers of concentric circles.
  4. Osteocytes maintain contact with neighboring osteocytes via cellular processes contained within ______.
A
  1. Medullary cavities
  2. Central Canal
  3. Lacunae
  4. Canaliculi
33
Q

Bones are covered and lined by a protective tissue called periosteum. The inner (osteogenic)layer consists primarily of _____.

A

Osteogenic cells

34
Q

The interior surface of the neuron’s plasma membrane at resting membrane potential will have a ______.

A

Negative charge and contains less sodium than outside of the cell

35
Q

When the terms biceps, triceps, and quadriceps form part of a muscle name, what does it tell you about the muscle?

A

The muscle has two, three, or four origins, respectively

36
Q
  1. The interior of the cell becomes less negative due to an influx of sodium ions.
  2. Also called a nerve impulse transmitted by the axon. The specific period during which potassium ions
  3. Diffuse out of the neuron due to a change in membrane permeability
  4. The interior of the cell becomes more negative due to an efflux of potassium ions
A
  1. Depolarization
  2. Action potential
  3. Repolarization
  4. Hyperpolarization
37
Q

Myoglobin

A

Stores oxygen in muscle cells

38
Q

Which ion channels open in response to a change in membrane potential and participate in the general…

A

Voltage-gated channels

39
Q
  1. Ball and socket
  2. Plane
  3. Hinge
  4. Pivot
  5. Saddle
A
  1. Joint 1
  2. Joint 4
  3. Joint 3
  4. Joint 2
  5. Joint 5
40
Q

Connective tissue sacs lined with synovial membranes that act as cushions in places where friction develops are called ______.

A

Bursae

41
Q

Immediately after an action potential has peaked which of the following channels will open?

A

Voltage-gated potassium channels

42
Q

Which class of joint consists of bone ends held together by collagenous tissues?

A

Fibrous

43
Q

What is the role of tropomyosin in skeletal muscles?

A

Tropomyosin serves a s a contraction inhibitor by blocking the myosin binding sites on the actin molecules

44
Q

The receptor for static equilibrium is the

A

Macula

45
Q

Without a functioning crista ampullaris, the semicircular canals would not function.

A

True

46
Q

Tactile sensation is a combination of touch, pressure, stretch, and vibration. Which of the following is most likely the receptor type that senses tactile stimulation?

A

Mechanoreceptors

47
Q

Information from balance receptors goes directly to the ______.

A

Brain stem reflex centers

A&P (5 decks)

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