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World History > Final Review pt.1 > Flashcards

Final Review pt.1 Flashcards

0
Q

A master, genius, and “Renaissance man”; born in 1452 and made sketches of nature and showed how bones and muscles work through art. He was also a very famous engineer

A

Leonardo da Vinci

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1
Q

Gained control in government

A

Lorenzo

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2
Q

Talented painter, sculptor, engineer, poet, and architect; famous works include Pieta and Creation of Adam

A

Michelangelo

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3
Q

Talented painter who blends the styles of Christian and classical; famous works include “School of Athens” and his portrayals of the mother of Jesus

A

Raphael

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4
Q

Wrote the Prince, this work continues to spark debate because it raises important ethical questions about the nature of government and the use of power

A

Niccolo Machiavelli

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5
Q

Developed the theory that the sun was the center of the earth

A

Nicholas Copernicus

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6
Q

Wrote Don Quixote

A

Miguel de Cervantes

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7
Q

Printed the first full copy of the bible which lead to the printing revolution

A

Johannes Gutenberg

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8
Q

Established the Church of England

A

Henry VIII

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9
Q

“Great Compromiser” because she was able to avoid a religious war between Catholics and Protestants in England

A

Elizabeth I

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10
Q

Between 1590 – 1613 he wrote 37 plays still performed; his words enrich the English language; famous works include Romeo and Juliet, twelfth night, and Richard III

A

William Shakespeare

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11
Q

Attacked the practice of indulgences in 1517

A

Martin Luther

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12
Q

Believed in predestination

A

John Calvin

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13
Q

Financial supporter of the arts

A

Patrons

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14
Q

A time of creativity and change in many areas – political, social, economic, and cultural; changes also took place in the way people viewed themselves and the world

A

The Renaissance

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15
Q

Family of Florence with successful banking business

A

Medici Family

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16
Q

Intellectual movement at the heart of the Renaissance focused on worldly subjects rather than on religious issues

A

Humanism

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17
Q

Lessening punishments for sins

A

Indulgences

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18
Q

______ Had been the center of the Roman Empire, so was a logical place for the reawakening to begin

A

Italy

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19
Q

The realistic ideas that began to show rough art, the paintings, and the structures and buildings

A

Art (New Ideas)

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20
Q

Church court that used secret testimony, torture, and execution to root out heresies

A

Inquisition

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21
Q

Attempts to restore the church’s spiritual leader

A

Protestant/Anglican reformation

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22
Q

The result of the Protestant Reformation when the Catholic Church is no longer the uniting force

A

Great schism

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23
Q

Christian who rejects papal authority

A

Protestant

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24
Q

The church became more of a worldly place than a spiritual one, this started criticism because people were told to pay indulgences so the church could gain money

A

Criticism of the church

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25
Q

Luther’s arguments that indulgences had no basis in the Bible, that the pope had no authority to release souls from purgatory, and that Christians could be saved only through faith

A

95 thesis

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26
Q

Assembly of German princes asking Luther to recant his ideas

A

Diet of worms

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27
Q

Catholic Church trying to end papel corruption

A

Counter Reformation

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28
Q

Met on and off for almost 20 years; reaffirmed Catholic beliefs and took steps to end abuse in the church

A

Council of Trent

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29
Q

Government run by church leaders

A

Theocracy

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30
Q

List of works considered to immoral or irreligious for Catholics to read

A

Index of prohibited books

31
Q

Beneficial changes

A

Reforms

32
Q

Feudalistic system of government; roller never gained complete power; still people supremacy

A

Holy Roman Empire

33
Q

“I am the state”

A

L’eat, c’est Moiu

34
Q

Spanish ruler who claimed the Hapsburg crown; father of Philip II; split the Hapsburg Empire up

A

Charles V

35
Q

Ruler with complete control over the government

A

Absolute monarch

36
Q

Worked well with Parliament

A

Elizabeth I

37
Q

Power given by God

A

Divine right

38
Q

Privateer for England; stole from Spanish Armada; knighted and help defeat armada

A

Drake

39
Q

European sailors who raided and captured ships with the approval of their government

A

Privateers

40
Q

Spanish naval fleet

A

Armada

41
Q

Spanish king when Spain seized the Philippines, guardian of the Roman Catholic Church

A

Philip II

42
Q

French Protestants

A

Huguenots

43
Q

Huguenot prince who laid the foundations for royal absolutism

A

Henry IV

44
Q

Sought to destroy Huguenots and Nobles; succeeded

A

Richelieu

45
Q

Economic policy which aims to strengthen their national economies

A

Mercantilism

46
Q

Sun King

A

Louis XIV

47
Q

Became a symbol of wealth and power; very magnificent building

A

Versailles

48
Q

Served as chief minister and worked tirelessly to extend Royal power

A

Mazarin

49
Q

Way European nations controlled each other

A

Balance of power

50
Q

Dominate empire that loses control over parts of Holy Roman Empire

A

Habsburg Empire

51
Q

The fleeing of more than 100,000 Huguenots from France

A

Edict of Nantes

52
Q

French dynasty that included Louis XVI

A

Bourbons

53
Q

Royal officials in France

A

Intendants

54
Q

People like Henry VIII who worked well with Parliament

A

Tudors

55
Q

Protestants who differed with the Anglican church

A

Dissenters/Puritans

56
Q

Dynasty during the English Civil War

A

Stuarts

57
Q

To finance were with Scotland; take away some of Charles power and take away judges

A

Long Parliament

58
Q

Russian dynasty lasting over 300 years until revolution

A

Romanovs

59
Q

The first Stuart King

A

James I

60
Q

Oliver Cromwell after English Civil War

A

Lord protector

61
Q

The leader of the Cavaliers; supported monarchy; Stuart King; beheaded after English civil war

A

Charles I

62
Q

Leader of the roundheads; supported parliament

A

Oliver Cromwell

63
Q

Dissenter who wanted to purify Anglican church of any Catholic reminisce

A

Puritan Society

64
Q

King under law; called back for money; petition of rights

A

Parliament

65
Q

To bring back (in England it’s the return of the monarchy)

A

Restoration

66
Q

Uncrowned heir to throne; exiled; return to England 10 years later

A

Charles II

67
Q

Bloodless overthrow of a king by William and Mary of James II

A

Glorious Revolution

68
Q

Charles’s brother who inherited the throne; flaunted Catholic faith and angered Protestants leading to his overthrow

A

James II

69
Q

Ensured the superiority of Parliament over the monarchy; kings could no longer interfere in Parliament; no Roman Catholic and sit on the throne; restated traditional rights

A

English bill of rights

70
Q

Start as local conflict in HRE; turns into international war; settles issues of states being protestant

A

30 years war

71
Q

Brought westernization to Russia

A

Peter the great

72
Q

Had to sign the English Bill of Rights in order to take the English throne

A

William and Mary

73
Q

Gained a warm water port for Russia

A

Catherine the great

74
Q

City built by Peter the Great

A

St. Petersburg

75
Q

Habsburg queen of Austria who modernized and made reforms

A

Maria Theresa

World History (2 decks)

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