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Social Psychology > Final Test > Flashcards

Final Test Flashcards

1
Q

changing your behavior in response to a command

A

obedience

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2
Q

Milgram’s shock study:

  • ____% of participants went to 300V
  • ____% of participants went to 450V (XXX Danger)
A

100% of participants went to 300V

65% of participants went to 450V

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3
Q

when Milgram and learner switch places halfway, ____% disobey

A

100%

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4
Q

when learner, not Milgram, insists on shocks halfway, ___% disobey

A

100%

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5
Q

Why do We Obey?

A

1) gradual nature of obedient situations
2) power of uniforms
3) lack of clear-cut reason for switching to disobedience
4) authority relieves others of responsibility (“just following orders”)

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6
Q

Four things that make you Resist Obedience

A

1) make obeyers responsible for harm
2) give obeyers point where disobedience is appropriate
3) question motives and expertise behind authority
4) educate on how many obey

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7
Q

In the nurse study, …

A

95% nurses obeyed doctors orders

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8
Q

In the waiter case study, …

A

most customers obeyed waiter and increased their bill later

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9
Q

Stanford Prison Study

A

we obey and command obedience due to social learning

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10
Q

changing your behavior in response to a social norm

A

conformity

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11
Q

Ash’s line experiment

A

76% conformed at least once out loud

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12
Q

Five Factors that Influence Conformity

A

1) group size
2) social support
3) sex differences
4) cohesiveness
5) mood

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13
Q

in the lab, conformity peaks around __ or __ people in a group

A

3 or 4

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14
Q

in real life, as group size _______. conformity ___________

A

increases, increases

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15
Q

In regards to social support, subjects with an ally (someone who doesn’t conform) will conform ____ but only if support is _______

A

less, early

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16
Q

Females are more conforming on _____ tasks due to _____________________

A

male, lack of knowledge and familiarity with tasks

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17
Q

We conform _____ when we are happy

A

more

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18
Q

collectivist cultures have ____ conformity

A

more

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19
Q

Normative social influence

A

we want to be liked and similar to others

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20
Q

Informative social influence

A

we want to be right and the majority usually is

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21
Q

We won’t conform if we have a need for

A

individuation

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22
Q

minority will influence conformity (i.e. stop it) if:

A
  • philosophy is consistent
  • specific issues are flexible
  • social context favors minority values
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23
Q

changing your behavior in response to persuasive techniques

A

compliance

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24
Q

Joe Girard used ____________to gain compliance

A

ingratiation

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25
Q

ingratiation

A

make you like me (appearance, similarity, flattery)

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26
Q

small request followed by a large request

A

foot-in-door technique

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27
Q

large request followed by a small request

A

door-in-face

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28
Q

contrasting something with what you really want

A

contrast principle

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29
Q

the foot-in-door technique works because of

A

switch in self-perception, positive view of helping

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30
Q

the door-in-face technique works because of

A

self-presentation, reciprocal

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31
Q

The juvenile delinquent study is an example of

A

door-in-face technique

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32
Q

cell phone plans and cable plans are examples of

A

low-balling (commitment)

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33
Q

We comply when things are _____ because we think rare things are better

A

scarce

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34
Q

helping or prosocial behavior

A

altruism

35
Q

the study of altruism spurred out of the case of

A

Kitty Genovese

36
Q

why don’t we help?

A

the bystander effect

37
Q

The more bystanders the ____ helping

A

less

38
Q

What are the five reasons that the bystander effect occurs?

A

1) diffusion of responsibility
2) confusion of responsibility
3) pluralistic ignorance
4) incompetence
5) fear of ridicule

39
Q

“I don’t help because I think someone else will”

A

diffusion of responsibility

40
Q

the seizure experiment is an example of

A

diffusion of responsibility

41
Q

“I don’t help because I don’t want to be confused as the cause or source of the emergency”

A

confusion of responsibility

42
Q

If the group is ignorant, you will be too (usually in ambiguous situations)

A

pluralistic ignorance

43
Q

the smoke experiment is an example of

A

pluralistic ignorance

44
Q

We don’t help if we don’t feel like we have the skills necessary to help

A

incompetence

45
Q

“I don’t help because I don’t think that help is wanted”

A

fear of ridicule

46
Q

Fear of ridicule usually happens with _______ because you don’t have a chance to explain your behavior

A

strangers

47
Q

What are the five reasons that we help?

A

1) mood
2) attribution
3) empathy
4) models
5) genes

48
Q

If we are in a good mood, we will help more but only if the situation isn’t

A

embarrassing or dangerous

49
Q

If we are in a bad mood, we will help if

A

the focus is on the victim

if they themselves feel responsible for mood

50
Q

if due to an external or uncontrollable cause we are _____ likely to help

A

more

51
Q

if due to an internal or controllable cause we are _____ likely to help

A

less

52
Q

In regards to state empathy, negative state relief refers to when a person

A

uses helping as a reason to return their mood to normal

53
Q

helper’s high

A

empathy joy feedback

54
Q

A person will help more if they have a _____ displaying helping behavior

A

model

55
Q

we are more likely to help people who share our

A

genes

56
Q

correlational studies found ______ to be more helpful

A

women

57
Q

in the lab, men are more helpful on _____ tasks

A

male

58
Q

In the field, ____ are more helpful in everyday emergencies

A

men

59
Q

behavior intended to do harm

A

aggression

60
Q

What are the four theories of aggression?

A

1) Instinct
2) Drive
3) Aversive Events
4) Social Learning

61
Q

the instinct theory of aggression states that you are

A

born with it

62
Q

the drive theory of aggression is also called

A

frustration/aggression hypothesis

63
Q

the drive theory of aggression states that

A

a blocked goal causes frustration which causes aggression

64
Q

aversive events lead to ______________ which leads to aggression

A

a negative mood

65
Q

the social learning theory of aggression states

A

past history + rewards/punishments for aggression + situation that causes aggression

66
Q

What are the seven causes of Aggression?

A

1) attacks
2) models
3) arousal
4) cues
5) environment
6) alcohol
7) personality

67
Q

if you learn why someone is being rude/mean early on, you will be _____ aggressive

A

less

68
Q

TV violence lead to

A

more aggression

69
Q

excitation of one event causes aggression in another situation

A

excitation transfer

70
Q

Type A personality and Hostile Attributional Bias are likely to be ______ aggressive

A

more

71
Q

What are the three criteria for punishment to work

A

1) immediate
2) severe
3) consistent (high probability of delivery)

72
Q

are punishment and catharsis good cure of aggression?

A

NO

73
Q

catharsis makes people more aggressive because

A

it keeps arousal high

74
Q

incompatible responses such as ______ are good cures for aggression

A

empathy, mild sexual arousal, and humor

75
Q

What are four good cures for aggression?

A

Nonaggressive models
incompatible responses
marijuana
apologies

76
Q

in the field, men are more _______ and ________ in their aggression, especially in elementary school

A

direct and physical

77
Q

in the field, women use ______ aggression in elementary school (i.e. name calling) and use _______ aggression in adulthood (i.e. gossiping)

A

verbal and indirect

78
Q

Stanford Prison Experiment (exploratory study)

A
  • healthy male college students randomly assigned
  • was supposed to last two weeks, ended after 6 days
  • by the second day, signs of depression and anxiety
  • the situation is said to be the cause of the behaviors
79
Q

Social Norms Study

A
  • half of the houses were given descriptive norms (were told how much energy others use)
  • half of the houses were given descriptive and injunctive norms (smiley face or frowny face)
  • injunctive norms changed energy use more
80
Q

From Jerusalem to Jericho Study

A
  • variables that were thought to affect helping were religious personality, speech on helping, hurry
  • people in a hurry aren’t likely to help
81
Q

Comfortably Numb Study

A
  • people who played violent video game took longer to help injured victim
  • people who viewed violent film took longer to pick crutches up
  • people exposed to media violence become comfortably numb to pain and suffering of others and are less helpful
82
Q

School Violence and the Culture of Honor

A
  • culture of honor states are more rural, hotter, and poorer

- culture of honor states had more school violence and more weapon carrying

83
Q

Deradicalization Components (understanding terrorism study)

A

1) intellectualization (teaching them the true religious teachings)
2) emotional (having terrorists deal with anger)
3) social (teach terrorist how to reenter society)

84
Q

What are the 8 qualities of terrorists?

A

1) mad/angry
2) feel like they can’t change politics
3) identify with injustice
4) feel the need to act
5) think violence is not immoral
6) reward if join the movement
7) friends and family sympathetic to cause
8) collectivist mentality

Social Psychology (1 decks)

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