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HISTOLOGY > FINALs LAB: URINALYSIS > Flashcards

FINALs LAB: URINALYSIS Flashcards

1
Q

A test of your urine. It’s used to detect and manage a wide range of disorders, such as urinary tract
infections, kidney disease, and diabetes.

A

URINALYSIS

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2
Q

An ultrafiltrate of plasma.

A

URINE

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3
Q

Characteristics of Urine:
Colored somewhat yellow due to the pigment ___ and ____

A

urochrome and solutes

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4
Q

Characteristics of Urine:

A

o Sterile
o Slightly aromatic
o Normal pH: 4.6-8.0; Average pH: 6.0
o Specific gravity of 1.001 to 1.035.

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5
Q

Urine Composition:

A
  • 95% water and 5% solutes
    -Consist of urea and other organic and inorganic chemicals
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6
Q

is the metabolic waste product/major organic substance produced in the liver from
the breakdown of protein and amino acids.

A

UREA

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7
Q

Other organic substances:

A
  • Creatinine
  • Uric Acid
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8
Q

is the major inorganic solid dissolved in urine.

A

CHLORIDE

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9
Q

Other inorganic substances:

A
  • Sodium
  • Potassium
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10
Q

Other substances found in the urine:

A

▪ Hormones
▪ Vitamins
▪ Medication

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11
Q

Urine also contains formed elements:

A

▪ Cells
▪ Casts
▪ Crystal
▪ Mucus
▪ Bacteria

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12
Q

– main determinant of urine volume

A

WATER

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13
Q

FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE URINE VOLUME:

A

▪ Fluid intake.
▪ Fluid loss from nonrenal sources.
▪ Variations in the secretion of ADH.
▪ Need to excrete an increased amount of dissolved solids.

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14
Q

Urine Volume
Normal range (24hrs)

A

600-2000mL

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15
Q

Urine Volume
Average volume (24hrs)

A

1200 – 1500Ml

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16
Q

Recommended capacity of specimen containers is?

A

50 mL

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17
Q

ALL SPECIMENS MUST BE LABELED PROPERLY WITH THE?

A
  • Patient’s Name
  • Identification Number
  • Date and Time of Collection
  • patient’s age
  • physician’s name
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18
Q

REQUISITION FORMS MUST ACCOMPANY SPECIMENS delivered to the laboratory
and the time the specimen is received should be recorded on the form.

TRUE OR FALSE?

A

TRUE

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19
Q

Urine should be brought to the laboratory within?

A

within 1 hour.

20
Q

RECOMMENDED TYPE OF URINE SPECIMEN:

A

MIDSTREAM – CLEAN CATCH SPECIMEN

  • SAFER, less traumatic method of obtaining urine for bacterial culture.
  • Provide patients with appropriate cleansing material, sterile containers, and instructions for cleansing and voiding.
21
Q

Check the color of the urine sample on a ________ with a good light source.

A

WHITE BACKGROUND

22
Q

Check the clarity of the urine sample on a ______________

A

PRINTED WHITE
BACKGROUND

23
Q

The normal odor of freshly voided urine is FAINTLY AROMATIC due to ________

A

volatile acids

24
Q

SPECIFIC GRAVITY
o PROCEDURES

A

▪ Refractometry
▪ Urinometry
▪ Osmolality
▪ Harmonic Oscillation Densitometry
▪ Reagent Strip Specific Gravity

25
Q

URINALYSIS PROCEDURE:

A
  1. Physical Examination
  2. Chemical Examination
  3. Microscopic Examination
26
Q

Recent fluid consumption

WHAT COLOR?

A

Colorless

27
Q

Polyuria or diabetes insipidus, diabetes mellitus, Diluted random specimen

WHAT COLOR?

A

Pale yellow

28
Q

Normal color of urine

WHAT COLOR?

A

Yellow

29
Q

Concentrated urine

WHAT COLOR?

A

Dark yellow

30
Q

Dehydrated

WHAT COLOR?

A

Amber

31
Q

Bilirubin, acriflavine, pyridium, nitrofurantoin, phenindione

WHAT COLOR?

A

Orange

32
Q

Bilirubin oxidized to biliverdin

WHAT COLOR?

A

Yellow green/yellow brown

33
Q

Pseudomonas infection

WHAT COLOR?

A

Green

34
Q

Clorets, indicant, phenol, methylene blue, robaxin

WHAT COLOR?

A

Blue-green

35
Q

RBCs, hemoglobin, myoglobin, porphyrin, rifampin, menstruation

WHAT COLOR?

A

Pink-red

36
Q

Methemoglobin, homogentisic acid, melanin, argyrols, levodopa, flagyl

WHAT COLOR?

A

Brown/black

37
Q

CLARITY:
No visible particulates, transparent.

A

Clear

38
Q

CLARITY:
Few particulates, print easily seen through urine.

A

Hazy

39
Q

CLARITY:
Many particulates, print blurred through urine.

A

Cloudy

40
Q

CLARITY:
Print cannot be seen through urine.

A

Turbid

41
Q

CLARITY:
May precipitate or be clotted.

A

Milky

42
Q

Manner of Reporting for Epithelial Cell:

0-5 ECs

A

RARE

43
Q

Manner of Reporting for Epithelial Cell:

5-15 ECs

A

FEW

44
Q

Manner of Reporting for Epithelial Cell:

15-20 ECs

A

MODERATE

45
Q

Manner of Reporting for Epithelial Cell:

> 20 ECs

A

MANY

HISTOLOGY (12 decks)

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