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FAE Prep > Fireground Hydraulics > Flashcards

Fireground Hydraulics Flashcards

1
Q

When is pressure lost

A

The moment it leaves your discharge

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2
Q

Friction Loss: The longer the length of hose…..

A

The greater the friction loss

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3
Q

Friction Loss: if you double GPM….

A

You quadruple your friction loss

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4
Q

Friction Loss: Diameter of hose increases….

A

Friction loss decreases

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5
Q

Friction Loss: Wildland T

A

5 psi

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6
Q

Friction Loss: Wye/Siamese

A

10 psi

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7
Q

Ground monitor/Triamese

A

15 psi

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8
Q

Friction Loss: Relay (Safety Factor)

A

20 psi

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9
Q

Friction Loss: Standpipe

A

25 psi

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10
Q

Friction Loss: Aerial devices and FDC

A

150 psi

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11
Q

How can we reduce friction loss

A
  1. Reduce Nozzle Pressure - Switch out nozzle (fog/smooth bore)
  2. Reduce Nozzle GPM setting - gate down
  3. Lay additional supply line or increase the hose diameter
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12
Q

Nozzle Pressure: Fog Nozzle

A

100 psi

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13
Q

Nozzle Pressure: Master Stream with fog nozzle

A

100 psi

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14
Q

Nozzle Pressure: Master Stream with Smooth Bore

A

80 psi

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15
Q

Nozzle Pressure: Hand-line Smooth Bore

A

50 psi

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16
Q

Nozzle Pressure: Cordova Foam Nozzle

A

75 psi

17
Q

Insufficient nozzle pressure

A
  • Inadequate GPM
  • Places attack team in danger
18
Q

Excessive Nozzle Pressure

A
  • Difficult to manage hand lines
  • Poor mobility/maneuverability
  • Decreased pump efficiency
  • Risk activating relief valve
19
Q

Residual Pressure

A

The pressure remaining once water has begun flowing. This pressure is measured on the master intake gauge.

20
Q

Net Pump Pressure

A

Difference between intake pressure and discharge pressure.
Measured on the master gauge
The pressure that is actually produced by the pump

21
Q

Head Pressure: Nozzles below grade

A

-5 psi per floor

22
Q

Head Pressure: Nozzle above grade

A

+5 per floor

23
Q

Average resident distance between floors

A

10’

24
Q

Average Hi-rise distance between floors

A

12’ to 14’

25
Q

Pressure, per foot of elevation measured by a column of water 1ft high and 1 inch wide

A

0.434 psi

26
Q

Wildland Head Pressure calculations

A

+/- 11 psi per 25’ of elevation change

27
Q

Pump capacity ratings (GPM)

A
  • 100% @ 150 psi
  • 70% @ 200 psi
  • 50% @ 250 psi
    at draft with 10’ of lift
    *pumps can double their capacity with sufficient supply
28
Q

FDC is always pumped at?

A

150 psi

29
Q

What happens if you gate down a hydrant?

A

Increased turbulence and friction loss

30
Q

Critical Fire Flow

A

The amount of water needed to adequately extinguish a fire at any point of involvement.

Sq Ft/3 multiplied by % involved

31
Q

Critical Velocity of 1 3/4 and 2 1/2

A

1 3/4 = 200 GPM
2 1/2 = 300 GPM

Under normal operations max pump discharge pressure should not exceed 300 psi

32
Q

When pumping multiple lines we must

A

Pump the highest line and gate down others as necessary

33
Q

FHRS equation

A

EP = NP + FL + A +/- H

34
Q

Coefficient method equation

A

CQ2L

35
Q

What is the required pressure to supplement sprinkler/standpipe systems for excessive flows

A

150psi

36
Q

All class one 2 1/2 connections are required by code to maintain….

A

100psi at the fire floor connection

37
Q

Per the first duet guide what arriving unit connects to the FDC

A

Third arriving

38
Q

Hydrants must be within how many feet of sprinkler connections

A

100’

39
Q

Pumping aerial devices without a pump

A

150 psi

FAE Prep (8 decks)

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