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Neuro > Flashcard 1 > Flashcards

Flashcard 1

1
Q

causes uvetis

A

HLA-B27
TB
ankylosing spondylosis

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2
Q

B12 deficiency myelopathy is what

A

degeneration of lateral and posterior columns of spinal cord

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3
Q

describe spinal dura matter

A

tough, fibrous and some elastic tissue

most external meninge

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4
Q

difference between optic and retrobulbar neuritis

A

optic - head of optic nerve

retrobulbar - posterior optic nerve

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5
Q

what would bitemporal hemianopia look like?

A

loss of outer half of vision on both sides

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6
Q

diabetic man presents with:

  • eye down and out
  • ptosis
  • sudden onset double vision
  • headaches

diagnosis?

A

3rd nerve palsy

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7
Q

narcolepsy investigations

A

EEG
sleep studies
bloods
lumbar puncture for orexin

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8
Q

most common cause Korsakoff syndrome

A

alcohol misuse

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9
Q

most common cause central retinal vein occlusion

A

vein and artery share common sheath - if hypertensive artery compresses vein

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10
Q

where is the lesion located if its UMN

A

above anterior horn of spinal cord

above motor nuclei of cranial nerves

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11
Q

treatment of status epileptics

A
  1. midazolam, lorazepam, diazepam
  2. phenytoin, valproate
  3. anaesthesia
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12
Q

DIAGNOSE
running, felt palpitations and chest pain. woke up on ground. someone said that whilst unconscious, they were unable to detect a pulse and weren’t breathing. looked grey.
walked to A+E

A

cardiac syncope

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13
Q

subarachnoid haemorrhage treatment

A

coiling

clipping

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14
Q

cerebral contusion

A

bruising on surface of brain

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15
Q

prophylactic migraine treatment

A
  • propanolol
  • anti-epileptics
  • sodium valproate
  • gabapentin
  • tricyclic antidepressants
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16
Q

cluster headache bout abortive treatment

A

tapering oral prednisolone

occipital depomedrone

17
Q

management paroxysmal hemicrania

A

absolute prophylactic response to indomethacin

18
Q

most common primary benign headache

A

tension headache

19
Q

wind, cold, touch and chewing are triggers for what 2 conditions

A
  • trigeminal neuralgia

- SUNCT

20
Q

which part of vision does age related macular degeneration affect?

A

middle

21
Q

what type of haemorrhage is most likely to be mistaken for dementia? why?

A

subdural

slow bleeding

22
Q

what is normally the cause of orbital cellultitis

A

spread from sinuses

23
Q

what is optical coherence tomography

A

imaging test used for examining the eye for:

  • age related macular degeneration
  • diabetic eye disease
24
Q

Guillain-barre syndrome

management

A
  • IV immunoglobulin
  • plasma exchange
  • supportive
25
Q

LMN lesion symptoms

A
  • decreased tone
  • decreased reflexes
  • weakness
26
Q

spina bifida with meningomyelocle

A

nerve roots and/or spinal cord included in sac

27
Q

what causes hyperopia

A

eye ball too short, cornea + lens too flat

28
Q

causes double vision

A
  • 3rd nerve palsy

- squint

29
Q

what part of sleep do nightmares occur in

A

REM

30
Q

cavernous sinus thrombosis symptoms

A 
red eye
pain
sharp, severe headache
eye swelling and bulging
severe vision problems
vomitting
fever
seizures 
confusion
31
Q

strabismus

A

squint

32
Q

meningitis

A

inflammation of meninges, normally due to viral or bacterial infection

33
Q

Lyme disease treatment

A

prolonged AB treatment

IV ceftriaxone

oral doxycycline

34
Q

tetanus

A

acute bacterial infectious disease affecting the nervous system

35
Q

botulism

A

toxin that binds irreversibly to NMJs, blocking acetylcholine release

36
Q

brain tumour general management

A
  • corticosteroids
  • treat epilepsy
  • analgesics
  • counselling
  • surgery
  • radio/ chemicals
  • endocrine replacement

Neuro (5 decks)

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