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Biology > Food And Digestion > Flashcards

Food And Digestion Flashcards

0
Q

6 major nutrients ..

A

Carbohydrates fats proteins vitamins minerals and water

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1
Q

Food is needed for?…

A

Energy growth repair and protection against disease

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2
Q

Carbohydrates…

A

Sugars e.g. Glucose and sucrose, starch ( potatoes ) fibre ( stops constipation )

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3
Q

Fats?…

A

Also called lipids e.g. Butter lard oil ( cod liver oil )
1. They store energy in our body.
2. The layer of fat just under the skin gives our body insulation.
Sources: milk, fatty meat, dairy products

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4
Q

Proteins?…

A

Meat fish eggs milk. Help to repair muscle tissue and growth

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5
Q

Vitamin C ?…

A

Find in citrus fruits green veg and turnips. Function is to form connective tissue deficiency leads to bleeding gums and teeth loss ( scurvy )

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6
Q

Vitamin D ?…

A

” Sunshine vitamin “ found in cod liver oil, super milk and in sunlight . Function is healthy teeth and bones ( absorb calcium ) deficiency leads to rickets.

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7
Q

Calcium?…

A

Found in milk and cheese, to form healthy bones in animals and cell walls in plant cells

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8
Q

Iron?..

A

Found in liver, green veg to form haemoglobin in red blood cells to transport oxygen around the body. Deficiency leads to anaemia ( very tired )

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9
Q

Balanced diet ?…

A

The right amount of nutrients to stay healthy.

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10
Q

Food pyramid ?…

A

A guide to how much of each food should be eaten for a healthy diet

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11
Q

Starch and sugars…

A

These provide us with energy

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12
Q

Fibre ( roughage )

A

Passes through the digestive system to make sure it is in good working order and avoid constipation

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13
Q

Water?…

A
  1. Makes up of 60-70% of the human body.
  2. One can only survive a few days without water.
  3. it transports substances around the body.
  4. It removes waste from the body.
  5. Controls body temperature.
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14
Q

Solvent?…

A

Water must dissolve substances so chemical reactions can occur in the cell

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15
Q

Chemical energy?..

A

Food gives us the CHEMICAL energy we need for all our dairy activities.

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16
Q

A balanced diet is dependent…

A

On the persons age, sex, lifestyle and general health. ( young people need more food than old people ) ( male need more food than female )
( more active you are more food you need ) ( when sick don’t tend to eat as much )

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17
Q

Eating?..

A

Food is taken in by the body

18
Q

Digestion?…

A

Food is broken down

19
Q

Absorption…

A

Digested food passes into the bloodstream

20
Q

Elimination…

A

Getting rid of undigested food

21
Q

Testing for starch (bread)

A

Iodine blue/black

22
Q

Reducing sugars (jam)

A

Benedict’s solution blue to brick red ( heat gently )

23
Q

Protein (egg white)

A

Biuret reagent blue to violet

24
Q

Fats (oil)

A

Nothing( rub onto brown paper) translucent spot

25
Q

Stages of nutrition

A

Eat
Digest
Absorb
Eliminate

26
Q

Physical digestion

A

Taking large pieces of food and breaking them down into smaller pieces. Happens in the :
Mouth (teeth)
Stomach (churning)

27
Q

Chemical digestion

A

Uses enzymes. Enzymes are chemicals that speed up reactions without being used up in the reaction

28
Q

Substrate, emzyme, product

A

Starch, amylase (saliva) , maltose

29
Q

Most chemical digestion

A

Small intestines

30
Q

Bile

A

Made In liver to break down fats

31
Q

Pancreas

A

Makes digestive juices which contain enzymes

32
Q

Mouth

A

Physical and chemical digestion

33
Q

Oesophagus

A

Brings food from mouth to stomach

34
Q

Liver

A

Makes bile (breaks down fats)

35
Q

Stomach

A

Physical and chemical digestion

36
Q

Large intestine

A

Water reabsorption happens here

37
Q

Rectum

A

Stores undigested food

38
Q

Anus

A

Undigested food passes out

39
Q

Gall bladder

A

Bile is stored

40
Q

Product

A

The substance produced as a result of the action of an enzyme

41
Q

Substrate

A

The substance that an enzyme acts on

42
Q

Small intestine

A

Most chemicals happen here

Absorption of nutrients

Biology (6 decks)

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