Fractures

Question 1

Radiographic Considerations

Answer 1

2 views minimum
Pre and post reduction films
Cast changes
Post-op osseous surgery

Question 2

Transverse Fracture

Answer 2

Fracture line is
transverse to the
longitudinal axis
of the bone

Question 3

Oblique Fractures

Answer 3

Fracture line is
oblique to the
longitudinal axis
of the bone

Question 4

Spiral Fractures

Answer 4

Fracture line is
rotated around the
longitudinal axis of
the bone
The length is at
least twice as long
as the width of the
bone involved

Question 5

Fracture Location

Answer 5

Proximal- 1/3
Middle-1/3
Distal of Bone-1/3

Question 6

Intraarticular
Fracture

Answer 6

Involves
the joint surface,
secondary DJD may
develop

Question 7

Extraarticular

Answer 7

Does
not involve joint
surface

Question 8

Open fracture –
(Compound)

Answer 8

disruption of soft
tissue exposing the
bone to air

Question 9

Closed fracture

Answer 9

soft tissue has not
been breached

Question 10

Simple Fracture

Answer 10

one fracture line
(2 fracture fragments)

Question 11

Comminuted fracture

Answer 11

multiple fracture lines exist in the same bone (3 or more fracture fragments)

Question 12

Segmental
fragment

Answer 12

middle
segment of bone
that has been
displaced

Question 13

Butterfly fragment

Answer 13

a triangular
portion of bone
that has been
displaced

Question 14

Complete fracture

Answer 14

penetrates all cortices

Question 15

Greenstick Fracture

Answer 15

Incomplete fracture or
disruption of convex surface of
bone, which can cause
angulation deformity

Question 16

Torus Fracture

Answer 16

Incomplete fracture or
disruption of concave
surface of bone, which
can cause angulation
deformity
Compression fracture

Question 17

Stress Fracture

Answer 17

Stress fracture –
gradually develops
from multiple
repetitions of force

Question 18

Non-displaced
fracture

Answer 18

no change
in the normal
relationship of the
fracture ends

Question 19

Displaced fracture

Answer 19

distal fragment
altered from normal
relationship with
proximal fragment by
at least 2mm
Bayonet

Question 20

Angulated fracture

Answer 20

longitudinal axis of
displaced distal bone fragment is angled away
from proximal bone

Question 21

Rotation fracture

Answer 21

rotation of distal bone
along its longitudinal axis from proximal
fragment

Question 22

Subluxation

Answer 22

ess than 100% but greater
than 0% apposition between two bone at the
joint level

Question 23

Dislocation

Answer 23

no contact (0% apposition)
between two bones at the joint level

Question 24

Pathologic fracture

Answer 24

Weakened by
preexisting disease

Question 25

Impaction Fracture

Answer 25

The fracture fragment is impacted/impaled on the shaft of a long bone, shortened segment

Question 26

Avulsion Fracture

Answer 26

Occur at site of muscle, tendon, or ligament attachment; from abrupt pull, piece of bone is avulsed with soft tissue

Question 27

Diastasis

Answer 27

Separation of a normally joined part

Question 28

Delayed union

Answer 28

Fracture healing taking longer than expected consider fracture type, age, and bone. Less than 6 months.

Question 29

Nonunion

Answer 29

No signs of healing at 6 months or later

Question 30

Radiographic Types of nonunion

Answer 30

Hypertrophic Rich blood supply Hypotrophic Poor blood supply

Question 31

Hypertrophic Rich blood supply

Answer 31

Elephant  Horse hoof  Oligotrophic

Question 32

Hypotrophic Poor blood supply

Answer 32

Torsion wedge  Comminution  Defect  Atrophic

Question 33

Malunion

Answer 33

Healing in improper anatomic alignment

Question 34

Pseudoarthrosis

Answer 34

a nonunion or false joint no ligamentous support, but often has motion,