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Chemistry > Fucking Bullshit > Flashcards

Fucking Bullshit Flashcards

0
Q

Aromatic

A

Have benzene rings

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1
Q

Hydrocarbons

A

Carbon & hydrogen compounds

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2
Q

Aliphatic

A

All others (2kinds: saturated and unsaturated)

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3
Q

Isomers

A

Compounds that have the same chemical formula but different molecular structures

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4
Q

Structural isomer

A

Isomers in which the atoms are bonded together in different orders

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5
Q

Geometric isomers

A

Isomers in which the order of atom bonding is the same, but the arrangement of atoms in space is different

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6
Q

Optical isomers

A

Isomers that differ 3 dimensionally by the placement of substituents around one or more atoms in a molecule

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7
Q

What do most aromatic compounds have?

A

Odors

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8
Q

What are polymers?

A

Large molecules made of small organic molecules linked together

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9
Q

What is a monomer?

A

Smaller molecules

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10
Q

What are polymers chains of?

A

Attached monomers

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11
Q

What are polymers creates through?

A

Condensation reactions (the molecules are joined thought the removal of H20

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12
Q

What are polymers broken through?

A

Hydrolysis reactions where H20 is added

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13
Q

What are carbohydrates?

A

Organic compounds with a 2:1 ratio of H:O

Sugars (simple) & starches (complex)

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14
Q

What are monosaccharides?

A

Simplest sugars

Ex. Fructose, glucose

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15
Q

What are disaccharides?

A

2 simple sugars bonded

Ex. Sucrose–>table sugar

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16
Q

What are polysaccharides?

A

Starches–>polymers of monosaccharides which may be broken down into simple sugars in digestion

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17
Q

What do polysaccharides provide organisms with?

A

A source of energy

18
Q

What are lipids?

A

Fats, oils & waxes
Not very soluble in H20
Less O than carbs
Prevalent in cell membranes due to low H20 solubility

19
Q

What are lipids used for?

A

Energy storage

20
Q

What do fatty acids contain?

A

Carboxyl group

21
Q

What are plant lipids?

A

Oils & waxes (liquid/solid)

Many are unsaturated but can be hydrogenated

22
Q

What are animal lipids?

A

Fats(solid)

Generally saturated

23
Q

What are proteins?

A

Polymers of amino acids that create muscles, tendons, hair, fingernails & enzymes

24
Q

What do amino acids have!

A

A carbonyl group and an amino group

25
Q

What links amino acids together?

A

Peptide bonds which form between amino & carbonyl groups from neighboring amino acids

26
Q

What are nucleic acids?

A

Polymers of nucleotides

27
Q

Where is DNA found?

A

In nucleus of cells

28
Q

What are DNA?

A

Codes for protein synthesis (genetic info.)

29
Q

What type of structure does DNA have?

A

Double helix

30
Q

What is RNA?

A

Ribonucleic acid

31
Q

What is RNA made from?

A

DNA instructions

32
Q

What does RNA do?

A

Carries the code of DNA

33
Q

What type of structure is RNA?

A

Single helix

34
Q

What is COOH called?

A

A carbonyl group aka carboxylic acid

35
Q

What is esterification?

A

Reaction between an alcohol & an organic acid

36
Q

What are esters?**

A

Artificial odors & colors

37
Q

What type of molecules have optical isomers?

A

Chiral molecules

38
Q

When can optical isomers exist?

A

Only if all 4 groups attached to the central carbon are different a a chiral carbons

39
Q

When is a molecule chiral?

A

If it is not superimposable on its mirror image

40
Q

What is a molecule which has no plane of symmetry described as?

A

Chiral

41
Q

What do Unbranched isomers have?

A

Increased melting & boiling points

42
Q

What are enantiomers?

A

Simple substances which show optical isomerism exist as 2 isomers

43
Q

What are optical isomers mirror images of?

A

One another & non superimposable on one another

Chemistry (4 decks)

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