Functional Groups

Question 1

For a SINGLE BONDED CARBON, name the class, functional group, suffix, and general formula

Answer 1

SINGLE BONDED CARBON:

1. Class: alkanes
2. Functional group: single bond
3. Suffix: -ane
4. General formula: C n H 2n+2

Example: Propane C3H8

Question 2

For a DOUBLE BONDED CARBON, name the class, functional group, suffix, and general formula

Answer 2

1. Class: alkenes
2. Functional group: alkenyl
3. Suffix: -ene
4. General formula: C n H 2n

Example: But-2-ene

Question 3

For a TRIPLE BONDED CARBON, name the class, functional group, suffix, and general formula

Answer 3

1. Class: alkynes
2. Functional group: alkynyl
3. Suffix: -yne
4. General formula: C n H 2n-2

Example: But-2-yne

Question 4

For a HEXAGON BOUND CIRCLE name the class, functional group, suffix, and general formula

Answer 4

1. Class: arenes
2. Functional group: phenyl
3. Suffix: –
4. General formula: C n H 2n-6

Example: Benzene C6H6

Question 5

For a goofy guy (F, Cl, Br, I) bonded name the class, functional group, suffix, and general formula

Answer 5

1. Class: halogenoalkanes
2. Functional group: –X, X= F, Cl, Br, I
3. Suffix: –
4. General formula: C n H 2n+1 X

Example: 2-chlorobutane CH3 CH (Cl) CH2 CH3

Question 6

For a OH name the class, functional group, suffix, and general formula

Answer 6

1. Class: alcohols
2. Functional group: hydroxyl
3. Suffix: -ol
4. General formula: ROH

Example: butan-2-ol CH3 CH2 (OH) CH2 CH3

Question 7

For a CARBON DOUBLE BONDED TO AN OXYGEN AND A HYDROGEN name the class, functional group, suffix, and general formula

Answer 7

1. Class: Aldehyde
2. Functional group: aldehyde
3. Suffix: -al
4. General formula: RCHO

Example: Ethanal CH3CHO

Question 8

For a CARBON DOUBLE BONDED TO OXYGEN name the class, functional group, suffix, and general formula

Answer 8

1. Class: Ketones
2. Functional group: carbonyl
3. Suffix: -one
4. General formula: RC(O)R’
   Example: Propanone CH3C(O)CH3

Question 9

For a CARBON DOUBLE BONDED TO OXYGEN AND OH name the class, functional group, suffix, and general formula

Answer 9

1. Class: Carboxylic acids
2. Functional group: Carboxyl
3. Suffix: -oic acid
4. General formula: RCOOH
   Example: Ethanoic acid CH3COOH

Question 10

For a CARBON DOUBLE BONDED TO OXYGEN SINLGE BONDED TO ANOTHER OXYGEN name the class, functional group, suffix, and general formula

Answer 10

1. Class: Esters
2. Functional group: ester
3. Suffix: -oate
4. General formula: RCOOR’

Example: methyl ethanoate CH3COOCH3

Question 11

For an OXYGEN WITH TWO SINGLE BONDS name the class, functional group, suffix, and general formula

Answer 11

1. Class: ether
2. Functional group: ether
3. Suffix: –
4. General formula: ROR’

Example: ethoxyethane Ch3CH2OCH2CH3

Question 12

For a NITROGEN WITH 3 SINGLE BONDS, A NITROGEN WITH SINGLE BONDS WITH 1-2 HYDROGENS name the class, functional group, suffix, and general formula

Answer 12

1. Class: amines
2. Functional group:amino
3. Suffix: -amine
4. General formula: RNH2, RNHR’, RN(R’)R’’

Example: propan-1-amine Ch3Ch2Ch2NH2 or N-methylethanamine CH3 CH2NCH3

Question 13

For a CARBON DOUBLE BONDED TO AN OXYGEN, AND SINGLE BONDED TO NH2 name the class, functional group, suffix, and general formula

Answer 13

1. Class: Amides
2. Functional group: Amido
3. Suffix: -Amide
4. General formula: RCONH2

Example: Ethanamide CH3CONH2

Question 14

For a CARBON TRIPLE BONDED TO A NITROGEN name the class, functional group, suffix, and general formula

Answer 14

1. Class: Nitriles
2. Functional group: Cyano
3. Suffix: -nitrile
4. General formula: RCN

Example: Propanenitrile CH3CH2CN