Functions of Management

Question 1

Describe Management as a process?

Answer 1

A set of interrelated operations or functions necessary to achieve organisational goals.

Question 2

What is a process?

Answer 2

A systematic way of doing things.

Question 3

Features of Management process?

Answer 3

Social Process (requires co-ordination of people)
Continuous process.
Universal. All managers has to perform tasks irrespective of size and nature.
Iterative (managerial functions are contained in each other)
Composite. (there is no order for performing functions)

Question 4

Relation between managerial function and management process?

Answer 4

Each Managerial function is viewed as a sub process of total management process.

Question 5

Managerial functions?

Answer 5

Planning
Organising
Staffing
Directing
Coordinating
Controlling
Planning

Question 6

Describe Planning? Managerial Function?

Answer 6

It is a process of looking ahead. read page 2.2.

Question 7

Steps of Planning?

Answer 7

Gathering information
laying down objectives
developing planning premises
examining alternatives
evaluation of action patterns
reviewing limitations
implementations of plans

Question 8

Steps of Organising?

Answer 8

to identify the work to be performed
to group the work
to assign the grouped work to individuals
to delegate authority and fix responsibility
to co-ordinate the authority-responsibility releationship of various activities.

Question 9

The main three types of organisations in enterprises?

Answer 9

Line organisations
functional organisations
line and staff organisations

Question 10

What is line organisations in an enterprise?

Answer 10

Authority flows vertically from the top of the heirarchy to the bottom.

Question 11

What is functional organisation in an enterprise?

Answer 11

Departments are divided based on work and it specializes in one work only. A workman has to work under many superiors who specialize in different functions.

Question 12

Staffing explained?

Answer 12

Filling of positions in an organisation by work-force requirements.

Question 13

Staffing responsibilities?

Answer 13

Manpower planning
recruitment, selection and training.
placement of manpower
development, promotion transfer and appraisal
determination of employee remuneration (wage according to skill)

Question 14

What is direction?

Answer 14

Moving to action and supplying stimulative power to the group.

Question 15

Main affairs in dierection?

Answer 15

Leadership
commuincation
motivation
supervision

Question 16

What is leadership?

Answer 16

The process by which an executive/manager directs/guides and influences the work of others in choosing and attaining specified goals by mediating with the individual and organisation in such a way that they will both get maximum satisfaction.

Question 17

What is communication?

Answer 17

Latin word “communis” meaning common.
It refers to the exchange of ideas, feelings, emotions and knowledge and information between two or more persons.
formal and informal communication.

Question 18

Motivation?

Answer 18

A need or emotion that prompts an individual into action.
Managers provide some kind of incentive to the workers.
financial, better working conditon, job security recogonition. etc

Question 19

Supervision?

Answer 19

The act of overseeing subordinates at work to ensure maximum utilization of resources. Mainly present in the lower level of management.

For effective supervision
Sound organisational set up
effective delegation
human approach
effective communication and management.

Question 20

Process in planning?

Answer 20

Gathering information
Laying down objectives
Developing planning premises
Examining alternatives
Evaluation of action patterns
Reviewing limitations
Implementation of plans

Question 21

Process of organising?

Answer 21

To identify work being performed
To classify work
Assign work to individuals
Delegate authority
Fix responsibilities
Co-ordinate authority-responsibility relationships

Question 22

Classification of co-ordination?

Answer 22

Vertical and horizontal co
Internal and external coordination

Question 23

Vertical coordination

Answer 23

Coordination between different levels of management.

Question 24

Horizontal coordination

Answer 24

Different department of the same authority level

Question 25

Difference between coordination and corporation

Answer 25

Coordination is a conscious managerial effort which is a result of deliberate action.

Cooperation is the willingness of an individual to help others. Voluntary action.

Question 26

What is controlling?

Answer 26

Defined as determining what is being accomplished

Helps implement policies and take corrective measures

It is a line function(power flows from top down) executives asses subordinate performance

Question 27

Steps in controlling

Answer 27

Establishing standards of performance
Measuring performance
Comparing actual performance with standard
Finding variations or deviations
Taking corrective action or measures