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Functions of Organs > Functions of Organs > Flashcards

Functions of Organs Flashcards

1
Q

integumentray- epidermis

A

-top layer of skin

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2
Q

integumentary- dermis

A

-2nd layer of skin

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3
Q

integumentary- subcutaneos

A
  • loose connective tissue
  • lots of fat cells
  • 3rd layer of skin
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4
Q

skeletal-diaphylis

A

-shaft of the bone

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5
Q

skeletal- compact bone

A

-dense and solid

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6
Q

skeletal- spongy bone

A
  • cancellous
  • bony rodes
  • spaces
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7
Q

skeletal- periosteum

A

outer layer of the bone

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8
Q

skeletal- endosteum

A

lines outer part of the marrow cavity

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9
Q

skeletal- osteocytes

A

mature bone cells

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10
Q

skeletal- osteoclasts

A

dissolve bone cells- by enzymes

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11
Q

skeletal- osteoblasts

A

bone cells that create new bone

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12
Q

skeletal- ossification

A

replacing tissue with bone

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13
Q

skeletal- list the bones of the head

A

frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal, zygomatic, nasal, sphenoid, lacrimal, ethmoid, maxillary, mandible

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14
Q

skeletal- vertebrae

A

cervical 7
thoracic 12
lumbar 5

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15
Q

skeletal- ribs

A

1-7 are true

8-12 are false

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16
Q

muscular- epimysium

A

surrounding the entire muscle

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17
Q

muscular- perimysium

A

connective tissue fibers, that divide the skeletal muscles into bundles of fibers called fascicles

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18
Q

muscular- neuron and what is has

A

acetycholine in mitochondria are chemicals released by neuron to communicate ith other cells

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19
Q

muscular- cells

A

get energy from atp

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20
Q

muscular- fast fibers

A

skeletal muscle fibers, contract fast, burn atp quickly

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21
Q

muscular- slow fibers

A

slow contraction, has more O2, more O2 supply and dont burn atp as quickly

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22
Q

muscular- cardiac muscle tissue

A

pacemaker cells

only found in heart

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23
Q

muscular- smooth muscle

A

found in every organ

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24
Q

nervous system

A

cns, pns

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25
Q

nervous- cns

A
  • brain and spinal cord
  • processing on sensory data and transmission motor commands
  • intelligence, memory, emotion
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26
Q

nervous- pns

A
  • neural tissue outside the cns
  • afferent division
  • efferent division
  • efferent is divided into somatic and autonomic nervous systems
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27
Q

nervous- somatic

A

-control over muscle contractions

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28
Q

nervous- autonomic

A

automatic involuntary regulation of smooth and cardiac muscles, glandular secretions, adipose tissue

  • sympathetic division
  • parasympathetic division
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29
Q

nervous- afferent

A

info is processed

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30
Q

nervous- efferent

A

effectors- recieve commands

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31
Q

nervous- sympathetic

A
  • accelerates heart

- fight or flight

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32
Q

nervous- parasympathetic

A

slows down heart

33
Q

nervous- neurons

A

basic unit of nervous system

34
Q

nervous- corpus callosum

A

bridge in the brain

35
Q

nervous cranial nerves

A

olfactory, optic, oculomotor, trochlear, trigeminal, abducens, facial, vestibulocochlear or acoustic, glossopharyngeal, vagus, accessory, hypoglossal

36
Q

nervous- cranial acronym

A

ooo, ooo, ooo, to, touch, and, feel, a, virgin, girls, vagina, always, hot

37
Q

nervous- olfactory

A

smell

38
Q

nervous- optic

A

visual formation of the eyes

39
Q

nervous- oculomotor

A

muscles in eyeball- control amount of light

40
Q

nervous- trochlear

A

muscles in eye, oblique muscles

41
Q

nervous- trigeminal

A

sensory info from the eye, nasal cavity, skin on forehead, eyebrows, eyelids, nose, control chewing

42
Q

nervous- abducens

A

lateral rectus- eye muscle, rotate laterally away from the midline

43
Q

nervous- facial

A

sensory and motor to the face

44
Q

nervous- vestibulocochlear

A

inner ear, position, movement and balance

45
Q

nervous- glossopharyngeal

A

tongue, pharynx, taste, monitors b/p in major blood vessels

46
Q

nervous- vagus

A

sensory info from the ear canals, diaphragm, pharynx, taste, esophagus, respiratory, abdominal, cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, gallbladder, stomach

47
Q

nervous- accessory

A

spinal, neck and back, swallowing, vocal cords, speech

48
Q

nervous- hypoglossal

A

voluntary control over muscles in the tongue

49
Q

nervous- spinal cord

A

31 pairs of spinal nerves

50
Q

endocrine- hormones

A

chemical messengers that are released in one tissue and transported by the bloodstream to reach target cells in other tissues

51
Q

endocrine- amino acids

A

building blocks of proteins

52
Q

endocrine- pituitary gland or hypophysis

A

secrete 9 hormones

53
Q

endocrine- hypothalamus

A

production of ADH, oxytocin and regulatory hormones

- controls everything through anterior pituitary gland and posterior pituitary gland

54
Q

endocrine- thyroid gland

A

hormones easily cross cell membranes, effect almost every cell in the body

55
Q

endocrine- adrenal glands

A

adjust metabolic activities, nutrients, mineral ion balance or rate of energy consumption

56
Q

endocrine- pancreas

A

glugacon and insulin

57
Q

endocrine- type 1 diabetes

A

make no insulin

58
Q

endocrine- type 2 diabetes

A

make some insulin but not enough

59
Q

endocrine- DKA

A
  • associated with type 1 diabetes
  • high sugar level- ow insulin level
  • acidosis
  • “sweet breath”
  • kussmals breathing
  • AMS
60
Q

endocrine- NKHC

A

associated with type 2 diabetes

  • very high level of hyperglycemia
  • glucose spills into urine which causes osmotic diuresis and resultant dehydration
  • tachycardia
  • dry skin
  • unconscious- severe AMS
61
Q

endocrine- thymus

A

helps us grow

  • gets smaller as we age
  • immune system
62
Q

endocrine- gonads and ovaries

A

testosterone and estrogen

63
Q

endocrine- adipose tissue

A
  • leptin and resisten

- absorbs glucose and lipids for fat storage

64
Q

endocrine- insuline

A

without it glucose could not pass through cell membrane

65
Q

cardiac- blood

A

plasma, rbs, wbc, platelets

66
Q

cardiac- plasma

A

55% of volume of whole blood

67
Q

cardiac- plasma proteins

A

-albumins, globulins, fibrogen and regulatory proteins

68
Q

cardiac- wbc

A

neutrophis, eosinophils, basophils, lymphocytes, monocytes

69
Q

cardiac- hemoglobin

A

cells ability to transport O2 and CO2

70
Q

cardiac- anemia

A

rbs have low-reduced O2 carrying capacity

71
Q

cardiac-erythropoiesis

A

rbs formation

72
Q

cardiac- hemostasis

A

halts bleeding

73
Q

cardiac- clotting

A

platelets and hormones

74
Q

cardiac- pericardial cavity

A

surrounds the heart

75
Q

cardiac- coronary sulcus

A

deep groove that contains, fat, between atria and the ventricles

76
Q

cardiac- anterior interventricular suclus and posterior interventricular sulcus

A

mark boundary between left ad right ventricles

77
Q

cardiac- myocardium

A

muscular lining of the heart

78
Q

cardiac- epicardium

A

outer lining of the heart

79
Q

cardiac- endocardium

A

inner surface of the heart including the valves surface

Functions of Organs (1 decks)

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