Fundamentals of Anatomy Physiology chapter 1

Question 0

Superior

Answer 0

Uppermost or above

Question 1

Four basic reference systems of body organization are?

Answer 1

Directions, planes, cavities and structural units

Question 2

Inferior

Answer 2

Lower most or below

Question 3

Anterior

Answer 3

Towards the front

Question 4

Ventral

Answer 4

Is synonymous with anterior

Question 5

Posterior

Answer 5

Towards the back

Question 6

Dorsal

Answer 6

Is synonymous with posterior

Question 7

Cephalad or cranial

Answer 7

Towards the head; it’s synonymous with superior

Question 8

Medial

Answer 8

Nearest the midline

Question 9

Lateral

Answer 9

Towards the side

Question 10

Proximal

Answer 10

Nearest the point of attachment

Question 11

Distal

Answer 11

Away from the point of attachment

Question 12

A midsagittal or median plane

Answer 12

Vertically divides the body into equal halves

Question 13

A Sagittal plane

Answer 13

Is parallel to a median or midsagittal plane

Question 14

A horizontal or transverse plane

Answer 14

Divides the body into superior and inferior portions

Question 15

A frontal or coronal plane

Answer 15

Divides the anterior and posterior portions of the body at right angles to the Sagittal planes

Question 16

Cavities: the two major cavities of the body are?

Answer 16

The dorsal cavity and the ventral cavity

Question 17

Dorsal cavity

Answer 17

Is subdivided into the cranial cavity, which contains the brain, and the spinal cavity, which contains the spinal cord

Question 18

Ventral cavity

Answer 18

Is divided into two lesser cavities. The first is the thoracic cavity, which contains the heart in the pericardial cavity and the two lungs each in the pleural cavity. The second is the abdomino-pelvic cavity, which contains the digestive organs and some urinary and reproductive organs.

Question 19

Parietal

Answer 19

Refers to the walls of a cavity

Question 20

Visceral

Answer 20

Refers to the covering of an organ

Question 21

Structural units

Answer 21

The cell is the basic unit of the body’s organization

Question 22

Different types of cells make up the four tissues of the body

Answer 22

Epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous

Question 23

______ are composed of cells integrated into tissues serving a common function

Answer 23

Organs

Question 24

A _____ is a group of organs that perform a common function

Answer 24

System

Question 25

The integumentary system consists of? What function does the integumentary system provides?

Answer 25

Skin, hair, nails, sweat, and sebaceous glands. It protects, insulates and regulates water and temperature.

Question 26

The skeletal system consists of? What function does the skeletal system provides?

Answer 26

Bones and cartilage. It allows movement, makes blood cells, stores fat, protects, and supports

Question 27

The muscular system consists of? What function does the muscular system provides?

Answer 27

Skeletal,smooth and cardiac muscle. It causes movement

Question 28

The nervous system consists of? What function does the nervous system provides?

Answer 28

The brain, spinal cord, cranial and spinal nerves. It is the controlling, regulatory, and correlating system of the body.

Question 29

The endocrine system consists of? What function does the endocrine system provides?

Answer 29

The endocrine glands and their hormones. It regulates chemical aspects of the body in conjunction with the nervous system

Question 30

The cardiovascular, or blood circulatory system consists of? What function does the cardiovascular system provides?

Answer 30

The heart, arteries, veins, and capillaries. It distributes blood, carries oxygen, nutrients and wastes to and from the body cells

Question 31

The lymphatic, or immune system consists of? What function does the lymphatic system provides?

Answer 31

Lymph nodes, lymph vessels, the thymus, and the spleen. It drains tissues of excess fluids, transports fats, and develops immunities

Question 32

The respiratory system consists of? What function does the respiratory system provide?

Answer 32

The nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs. It brings oxygen to and eliminates carbon dioxide from the blood

Question 33

The digestive system consists of? What function does the digestive system provides?

Answer 33

The organs of the alimentary tract from the lips to the anus and it’s associated glands. It converts food into simpler substances that can be absorbed with other nutrients by the body’s cells

Question 34

The urinary system consists of? What function does the urinary system provides?

Answer 34

The kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. It functions in the chemical regulation of the blood

Question 35

The reproductive system consists of? What function does the reproductive system provides?

Answer 35

The ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, and vagina in the women and the testes, seminal vesicles, prostate gland, penis and urethra in men. It maintains sexual characteristics and perpetuates the species

Question 36

Hemostasis

Some examples of hemostasis are?

Answer 36

Is the maintenance of the internal environment of the body within certain narrow ranges.
(blood sugar levels, body temperature, heart rate, and the fluid environment of the cell).