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PRotistfungireview > fungi > Flashcards

fungi Flashcards

1
Q

During conjugation, what combines to form a new macronucleus in a recently conjugated paramecium?

A

2 micronuclei

(1 was its original and 1 is from the other protist)

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2
Q

What is the cellularity of most protists?

A

unicellular

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3
Q

What is the cup shaped structure calle of ascomycetes?

A

ascocarp

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4
Q

During alternation of generations, which generation is diploid?

A

sporophyte generation

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5
Q

Which protist is this?

A

Euglena

plant-like

Euglenophyta

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6
Q

What type of environments are ideal for protists?

A

Moist

freshwater, blood or marine environments

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7
Q

Where does the protista kingdom fall within the evolutionary tree?

A
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8
Q

During alternation of generations, what do the haploid spores create during periods of environmental stress?

A

male and female gametophytes

(haploid spores divide by mitosis into haploid gametophytes)

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9
Q

For both sexual and asexual reproduction in zygomycetes, what is formed that creates and releases spores?

A

sporangia (sporangium is singular)

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10
Q

What is the body of the fungus called?

A

mycelium

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11
Q

During alternation of generations, what is the result of male and female gametes fusing together?

A

Zygote

(haploid gamete + haploid gamete = diploid zygote)

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12
Q

During reproduction with gametes, + and - gametes fuse to form a _____

A

zygote with hardens into a zygospore

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13
Q

Which protists are multicellular?

A

Phaeophyta

Rhodophyta

Chlorophyta

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14
Q

Which protist is this?

A

Difflugia

Animal-like

Sarcodina

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15
Q

In a mycorrhizal relationship, a fungus forms a growth with _____.

A

plant roots

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16
Q

What are the cells called that line the ascocarp in ascomycetes and that make the spores during sexual reproduction?

A

asci (ascus is the single form)

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17
Q

Which protist is this?

A

Paramecium

Animal-like

Ciliophora

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18
Q

During alternation of generations, what does the haploid gametophyte generation create during periods of environmental stress?

A

gametes

(by mitosis therefore they are haploid)

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19
Q

What type of protist undergoes reproduction with gametes?

A

Chlamydomonas

(unicellular)

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20
Q

Which protists are generally parasitic?

A

Sporozoans

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21
Q

During alternation of generations, what does the diploid zygote become when conditions become favorable once again?

A

sporophyte

(diploid zygote divides by mitosis into a diploid sphorophyte)

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22
Q

Which protist is this?

A

Didinium

Animal-like

Ciliophora

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23
Q

What type of nucleus is exchanged during conjugation?

A

micronucleus

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24
Q

Which type of fungal infections targets the skin?

A

superficial (generally caused by deuteromycetes)

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25
Q

Which protista phylum is most similar to present day simple plants?

A

Chlorophyta

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26
Q

Which protist is this?

A

Euplotes

Animal-like

Ciliophora

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27
Q

Why is the meaning behind the chlorophyta phlum name?

A

composed of chloroplasts and chloroplyll

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28
Q

What type of sexual reproductive process involves the exchanging of DNA?

A

conjugation

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29
Q

Which two protist diseases are caused by sporozoans?

A

Malaria

Giardiasis

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30
Q

Which type of infections target the tissues and organs of the body?

A

systemic

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31
Q

Which protist is this?

A

Eudorina

Plant-like

Chlorophyta

32
Q

What is left on the stem as it accends up out of the mycelium?

A

ring

33
Q

Which protist is this?

A

Oedogonium

Plant-like

Chlorophyta

34
Q

What are some system infections?

A

Blastomycosis Histoplasmosis

35
Q

What is found on the underneath side of the cap?

A

gills

36
Q

Which protist is this?

A

Chlamydomonas

Plant-like

Chlorophyta

37
Q

Which protist is this?

A

Actinosphaerium

Animal-like

Sarcodina

38
Q

Which symbiotic relationship results from and alga and fungi living mutualistically together?

A

lichen

39
Q

During alternation of generations, what does the diploid sporophyte generation create during periods of environmental stress?

A

spores

(by meiosis therefore spores are haploid)

40
Q

Which stage is diploid during the reproduction of gametes process?

A

Zygote/zygospore stage

41
Q

Are fungi unicelluar or multicellular

A

multicelluar (yeast is only unicellular fungi)

42
Q

What type of protist undergoes alternation of generation?

A

Ulva

(multicellular)

43
Q

In a lichen, what is believed to be the third “wheel” in the relationship?

A

bacteria (role not fully understood)

44
Q

Which protist is this?

A

Amoeba

Animal-like

Sarcodina

45
Q

When zoospores mature and the environments remains favorable what do they create?

A

4 more zoospores

46
Q

Which protist is this?

A

Spirogyra

Plant-like

Chlorophyta

47
Q

Which fungal phylum is the least diverse?

A

Zygomycota

48
Q

In a mushroom what grows out of the stem?

A

cap

49
Q

Which protists are unique in that they have shells made of silica?

A

Diatoms

Bacillariophyta

50
Q

What structure in protists may have evolved over time into the anus?

A

anal pore

51
Q

For fungi, what facilitates the dispersal of spores?

A

wind animals rain

52
Q

Which protist is this?

A

Stentor

Animal-like

Ciliophora

53
Q

What is the component of fungal cell walls?

A

chitin

54
Q

How is giardiasis and amoebic dysentary contracted?

A

indirect transmission

55
Q

Describe the internal anatomy of a flagellum or cilium

A
56
Q

What is the only unicellular ascomycete?

A

yeast

57
Q

How many protists do you start with and end with during conjugation?

A

2

58
Q

Which protist is this?

A

Blepharisma

Animal-like

Ciliophora

59
Q

What are some examples of superficial infections?

A

athlete’s foot favus ringworm yeast infections

60
Q

What is the alternate name for a mushroom?

A

toadstool

61
Q

Which protist is this?

A

Volvox

Plant-like

Chlorophyta

62
Q

What is the alternate name for Deuteromycetes and what is the etymology of the name?

A

Imperfect Fungi Relates to the fact that they have not been observed to reproduce sexually hense imperfect

63
Q

Which protist is this?

A

Arcella

Animal-like

Sarcodina

64
Q

Which phylum of fungi is the most diverse?

A

Ascomycota

65
Q

What are fungal cells called?

A

hyphae

66
Q

Which protist is this?

A

Dileptis

Animal-like

Ciliophora

67
Q

What do ciliates and zooflagellates have that aids in the absorption of food?

A

oral grooves and gullets

68
Q

During reproduction with gametes and the asexual phase, what is formed during two consecutive rounds of mitosis?

A

4 zoospores

69
Q

Which protist is this?

A

Pandorina

Plant-like

Chlorophyta

70
Q

During the sexual phase of reproduction with gametes, the mature protist produces ______ instead of zoospores

A

+ and - gametes

71
Q

What are the three types of fungus-like protists

A

acellular slime molds

cellular slime molds

watermolds

72
Q

In basidiomycetes what lines the gills and produces spores during sexual reproduction?

A

basidia

73
Q

What fungi are referred as since they break down dead or decaying organic matter?

A

saphrophyte

74
Q

Which protists use pseudopodia?

A

Sarcodines

75
Q

During alternation of generations, which generation is haploid?

A

gametophyte generation

76
Q

Which protist is this?

A

Spirostomum

Animal-like

Ciliophora

77
Q

What is the ball shaped structure of a basidiomycete that ultimately grows into a stem called?

A

veil

PRotistfungireview (1 decks)

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