G&D Health Promotions Flashcards
1
Q
Infant
Nutrition
A
- B.Feeding for 6 months
- –or iron fortified formula, Vit D and iron supplements
- no alternative fluids for 4 months
- Solids at 4-6 months bc child needs control of head/trunk, lack of extrusion reflex*
- cows milk at 1 year* (too much can lead to anemia)
- Introduce new foods one at a time, every 5-7 days.
- start with veggies and fruit by 6-8 months
- Meat and citrus, eggs not before 6 months
- Cooked table foods at one year
- bedtime bottle is last to go
2
Q
Infant
Sleep
A
- 3-4 months nocturnal sleep pattern*
- 14-15 hours daily
- at 12 months they should sleep through the night with 1-2 naps
3
Q
Infant
Injury Prevention
A
-keep small objects away to prevent aspirations
-rails up on bed
-gates on stairs
-child safety locks
-Car seat rear facing until 2, at a 45 degree angle
(don’t warm food in microwave, watch with animals, check bath water temp, cover outlets)
4
Q
Toddler
Nutrition
A
Lifetime eating habits form now. Kids will have taste preference, be picky
- drink 24-28 oz milk/day, and go from skim to whole at 2 years*
- 4-6 oz juice, 1 cup fruit daily.
- Food serving size is 1 tbsp for each year of age
- toddlers like finger foods (bc of autonomy), regular meals, snack times
5
Q
Toddler
Sleep
A
- still getting a nap
- 11-12 hours of sleep each day
- naps eliminated in older toddlerhood*
- resistance of bedtime and fears, has a regular bedtime
6
Q
Toddler
Dental
A
- dentist visit at 1 year old
- brushing after meals and at bedtime
- don’t put kid to bed with milk
7
Q
Toddler
Injury Prevention
A
- aspiration of foreign objects, bodily harm, burns (check bath temp!!!)
- drowning risk from toilets, attend child in bath, pools, swimming trips
- falls risk- safety rails
- MVA- can be front facing at 2 yrs old, in the back seat of the car
- crib slats no further than 6 cm apart
8
Q
Preschool
Nutrition
A
- consume half the energy that adults need* (1800 kcal)
- by 5 they become less picky
- obesity prevention is important
9
Q
Preschool
Sleep
A
- get 12 hours of sleep
- can have sleep issues, difficulty going to bed, night terrors
- parents can keep a consistent routine, use a nightlight, leave toy and water by bed
10
Q
Preschool
Dental Health
A
- eruption of deciduous teeth
- monitor for trauma to teeth- common in preschoolers bc of kids falling, etc
11
Q
Preschool
Injury Prevention
A
- lock up firearms
- stranger danger, wear protective equipment
- burns- hot water
- drowning danger
- Car seat: booster seat until 4’9”
12
Q
Elementary
Nutrition
A
- screen for scoliosis
- start to eat adult portions
- obesity risk increasing
- look for high BP
13
Q
Elementary
Sleep
A
- varies but approx. 9 hours a night
* resistance to sleeping is normal around 8-9 years*
14
Q
Elementary
Dental
A
- first permanent teeth around age 6
- should brush after meals and snacks, floss daily
- regular dental check ups, fluoride treatments
15
Q
Adolescent
Nutrition
A
- health screening of spine*
- time of rapid growth and metabolism
- increase in need for quality nutrients
- don’t tolerate caloric restrictions
- need Ca++, iron, protein, zinc,
- avoid food as a reward
- emphasize physical activity and balanced diet
