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Ochem > GenChem review plus Naming & Structures > Flashcards

GenChem review plus Naming & Structures Flashcards

0
Q

Eth

A

2 C

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1
Q

Meth

A

1 carbon

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2
Q

Prop

A

3 C

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3
Q

But

A

4 C

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4
Q

pent

A

5 C

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5
Q

hex

A

6 C

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6
Q

hept

A

7 C

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7
Q

oct

A

8 C

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8
Q

non

A

9 C

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9
Q

dec

A

10 C

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10
Q

Alkanes only have

A

Carbon and hydrogen atoms (hydrocarbons) single bonds.

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11
Q

H replaced by OH=

A

alcohol

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12
Q

H repl by NH2=

A

amine

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13
Q

H repl by halogen

A

alkyl halide

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14
Q

H repl by OR

A

ether

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15
Q

Primary

A

attached to 1 other carbon

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16
Q

secondary

A

attached to 2 carbons

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17
Q

tertiary

A

attached to 3 carbons

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18
Q

iso-

A

common name.

Have CH w/ two CH3

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19
Q

sec-

A

secondary carbon is attached to the parent chain

attached to 2 other C

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20
Q

ter-

A

attached to 3 other carbon

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21
Q

Atomic #

A

protons & electrons for a neutral atom

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22
Q

mass #

A

P & N

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23
Q

Ionic bond

A

metal + nonmetal

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24
Q

covalent bond

A

2 nonmetals

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25
Q

most organics are (polarity)

A

bipolar. Part polar part nonpolar

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26
Q

Lewis structure shows

A

lines, 1 dimensional, + lone pairs, formal charge

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27
Q

Kekule structure

A

similar to Lewis structures w/o lone pairs, formal charge

28
Q

Condensed structures

A

No bonds shown, all elements involved and how they are bonded. NOT a molecular formula

29
Q

Line bond structure

A

No C or H shown

30
Q

Lewis acid*

A

e- pair acceptors (e- deficient)

31
Q

Lewis base*

A

e- pair donors (e- rich)

32
Q

Bronstead-Lowry acid

A

H+ donor

33
Q

Bronstead-Lowry base

A

H+ acceptor

34
Q

single bond

A

σ

35
Q

double bond

A

σ, π

36
Q

Triple bond

A

σ, 2π

37
Q

diamagnetic

A

all e- are paired up

38
Q

paramagnetic

A

some unpaired e- (anti-bond)

39
Q

Bond order formula

A

Bonding electrons – antibonding electrons

                               2
40
Q

Formal charge

A

(# val e-) - (# lone pair e- )

              2
41
Q

2 groups attached

A

sp hybridized

sp+sp

42
Q

3 groups attached

A

sp2

sp2+sp2+sp2

43
Q

4 groups attached

A

sp3

sp3+sp3+sp3+sp3

44
Q

5 groups attached

A

sp3d1

45
Q

Conjugate pairs

A

differ by one H+

acids have more than bases

46
Q

Ka

A

acid dissociation constant

[products]/ [reactants]

inc Ka inc strength

47
Q

Pka

A

-log[ka]

↓pka inc acid strength

48
Q

In determining acid/bases ____ predominates over _____

A

size

EN

49
Q

Strongest acids

A

HCl

HI

H2SO4

HNO3

HClO4

50
Q

weak overlap

A

H+easily comes off

51
Q

favorable reactions

A

strong reactants-> weaker products(stable)

52
Q

Resonance

A

Creates a weaker base

53
Q

Formal charge for metals

A

charge -bonds

54
Q

constitutional isomers

A

same molecular formula, different drawing (diff connectivity)

55
Q

Parent chain

A

longest C chain

56
Q

Formal naming

A

IUPAC names.

Longest parent chain, substituents and location

57
Q

substitients

A

location-name-loc-name parent

written in alphabetical order (sec,tert don’t count)

#locations=#substituents

58
Q

Halogens as substituents

A

fluoro

chloro

iodo

bromo

59
Q

when naming

OH as substituent

A

Hydroxy

60
Q

ethers

A

“alkoxy”

ex: OCH3=methoxy

61
Q

isopropyl

A

Y

62
Q

prefixes (di,tri…) used for

A

more than one same substituent

63
Q

isobutyl

A
64
Q

alcohols

A

alkan-ol

OH=hydroxy (lowest #possible)

65
Q
A
66
Q

amines

A

alkan-amine

ex: propanamine

67
Q

Intermolecular forces

A

dispersion

dipole-dipole

H-bonding

ion-dipole

ion-ion

68
Q
A

Ochem (9 decks)

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