Gender Identity Formation, Gender Issues in Health

Question 1

What is sex?

Answer 1

genetic/physiological or biological characteristics of a person which indicate whether one is female or male, but can also be other

Question 2

what is gender?

Answer 2

• defining category, socially constructed.
• related to how we are perceived and expected to think and act because of the way society is organised and not because of our biological differences

Question 3

What is intersex?

Answer 3

a set of medical conditions that feature congenital anomaly of the reproductive and sexual system that are not standard for either male or female

Question 4

what is transgender?

Answer 4

an umbrella term to describe all those whose gender identity is at odds with their biological sex

Question 5

what is transexual?

Answer 5

a person who physically transitions from male to female or vice versa

Question 6

male and female life expectancy in australia?

Answer 6

• males = 80.4 years

- females = 84.5 years

Question 7

what is a social role?

Answer 7

a set of cultural guidelines as to how a person should behave, particularly with other people

Question 8

out of 6 things, what are girls better at?

Answer 8

• larger vocab/read/write/spell
• more compliant with directions of adults
• higher in relational aggression
• better at expressing and interpreting emotions

Question 9

out of 6 things, what are boys better at?

Answer 9

• more accurate and rapid in visual-spatial tasks

- more physically aggressive in situations when provoked

Question 10

who is involved with social learning theory of gender identity?

Answer 10

skinner and bandura, late 1960’s - early 1970’s

Question 11

what is social learning theory of gender identity?

Answer 11

gender is learned through

• direct learning (operant conditioning)
• observation of others (role models)

Question 12

what is included in direct learning in the social learning theory of gender identity?

Answer 12

• gender appropriate behaviours are rewarded and encouraged

- gender inappropriate behaviours are punished and discouraged

Question 13

what is included in observation of others learning in the social learning theory of gender identity?

Answer 13

gender roles learned through observing behaviour of important others - parents, teachers, high profile identities

Question 14

who is involved with cognitive theory of gender identity?

Answer 14

kohlberg, late 1960’s - early 1970’s

Question 15

what is cognitive theory of gender identity?

Answer 15

focus in on the construction of cognitive (mental) representations of gender

Question 16

stages of cognitive theory of gender identity?

Answer 16

• stage 1 = gender labelling (0-30 months). self recognition as boy or girl
• stage 2 = gender stability (3-4 years) development of awareness that gender doesn’t change over time
• stage 3 = gender consistency (4-5 years) development of an understanding that gender does not change despite changes in appearance

Question 17

what is stage 2+3 called in cognitive theory of gender identity?

Answer 17

gender constancy. understanding that gender is both stable and consistent

Question 18

when is gender identity complete?

Answer 18

6 or 7 years of age