GENE EXPRESSION Flashcards
Describe three differences between RNA and DNA?
DNA
- Double stranded
- Deoxyribose sugar backbone
- Adenines base partner is Thymine
RNA
- Single stranded
- Ribose sugar backbone
- Adenines base partner is Urasil
Name the two stages involved in gene expression.
Transcription and Translation
In which region of the cell does transcription take place?
The nucleus
Name the enzyme involved in transcription.
RNA polymerase
Name the region on the DNA where transcription begins.
Promoter region
Name the region on the DNA where transcription ends.
Terminator
What process follows the formation of the primary transcript of mRNA?
Splicing
During splicing what parts are cut out?
The non-coding regions called the introns.
During splicing what regions are kept?
The coding regions called the exons.
In what part of the cell does translation occur?
The ribosome.
Where are tRNA molecules found?
In the cytoplasm.
What name is given to every three bases on an mRNA?
A codon
What name is given to the three bases at one end of a tRNA molecule?
An Anti-Codon
What type of bonds form between the codons and anti-Codons as they pair up?
Hydrogen bonds.
When does the process of translation stop?
When a stop codon is reached.
