General Flashcards
The term for what philosophical doctrine, which is defined as a disillusioned rejection of conventional morals and institutions with the belief that life is without objective value or meaning, was first popularized by Ivan Turgenev through his character Bazarov in Fathers and Sons and later applied to others in the radical Russian intelligentsia?
Nihilism
What term for any inherently powerful or fixated-upon object did Hegel borrow from the carved religious charms of West Africa?
Fetishes are named for actual magic fetishes. If your personal fetish is in fact a literal tribal fetish, that’s unusual sexually but appropriate etymologically
“Religion is the sigh of the oppressed creature, the heart of a heartless world, and the soul of soulless conditions.” precedes a popular phrase in the writings of what philosopher?
Karl Marx
Lorem ipsum text is usually written as a scrambled / modified version of a passage from “De finibus bonorum et malorum” (“On the ends of good and evil”), a philosophical work by this Roman politician and orator.
Cicero
What French philosopher and chief editor of the Encyclopédie, who regularly published reports on the exhibitions of the French Academy (known as Salons) in Correspondance littéraire beginning in 1759, is widely considered the founder of art criticism?
Denis Diderot
In his Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals, Immanuel Kant introduced the philosophical theory with which he is most closely associated—similar (but not identical) to the “Golden Rule”—which states (in part) that a person must act in ways that the person would wish everyone else would act in too. By what two-word term is this concept best known?
Categorical Imperative
This -ology is the branch of philosophy concerned with the theory of knowledge.
Epistemology
In Marxism the proletariat is the wage-earning class; this is the middle class one big on property values.
Bourgeoisie
In the 18th century, this Swiss-French philosopher observed “Man is born free and everywhere he is in chains.”
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
The 16th-century proposition known as Pascal’s Wager argues that rational people should do what?
Believe that God exists.
Provide any one of the three adjectives that fill in the blanks in this rather depressing quote from Leviathan by Thomas Hobbes: “…the life of man, solitary, poor, _______, _______, and _______.”
Nasty, brutish, short
His 17th century “Discourse on Method” contained radical ideas of the self exemplified by the dictum “Cogito ergo sum”
René Descartes
Antonyms that fill in a famous Kierkegaard thought: life can only be understood ____ but it has to be lived ____.
Backwards; Forwards
