General-Chem Flashcards
1
Q
What charge are electrons and where are they?
A
Electrons are negative and they float around the nucleus in shells
2
Q
What formula determines how many electrons fit in a shell?
A
2n squared when n = the shell number.
3
Q
What do groups and periods do?
A
The last number of the group says how many electrons are in the outer shell.
The period number tells how many shells an atom has.
4
Q
Group 1:
A
ALKALI METALS
- Highly reactive
- More reactive as you go down the group
5
Q
Group 2:
A
ALKALINE EARTH METALS
- Extracted from oxides in the earths crust
- Less reactive than group 1
6
Q
Group 7:
A
HALOGENS
- Highly reactive
- Forms halides to become more stable
7
Q
Group 8:
A
NOBLE GASES
- Very stable and unreactive
- Known as monatomic (only existing as single atoms)
- Also known as inert gases
8
Q
An ‘Alkali’ + water =?
A
‘Alkali’ hydroxide + hydrogen
9
Q
What makes up the nucleus and what charge are they?
A
Protons = positive and neutrons = neutral. Making the nucleus positive
