General Haematolgy

Question 1

Causes of neutropenia

Answer 1

Viral infection, Sepsis, Hyposplenism, Bone marrow failure, Carbimazole, Chemotherapy

Question 2

Causes of lymphopenia

Answer 2

Steroids, Chemotherapy, HIV, Legionnaire’s, SLE

Question 3

Causes of thrombocytopenia

Answer 3

Amiodarone, Heparin, Carbamazepine, Aplastic anaemia, Leukaemia, Haemolytic uraemic syndrome, Immune thrombocytopenia, DIC

Question 4

Causes of DIC

Answer 4

Sepsis, Malignancy, Blood transfusion, Liver failure, Burns

Question 5

Causes of neutrophillia

Answer 5

Bacterial infection, Inflammation, Myeloproliferative disorders, Steroids, Malignancy

Question 6

Causes of lymphocytosis

Answer 6

Viral infection, Chronic infection, Leukaemia, Lymphoma

Question 7

Symptoms of anaemia

Answer 7

Fatigue, SoB, Palpitations, Headache, Anorexia

Question 8

Signs of anaemia

Answer 8

Pale conjuctiva, Pale palmar creases, Tachycardia, Ejection systolic murmer

Question 9

Causes of a microcytic anaemia

Answer 9

Iron deficiency, Thalessaemia, Lead poisoning, Sideroblastic, Haemoglobinopathy

Question 10

Causes of a normocytic anaemia

Answer 10

Blood loss, Chronic disease, Haemolysis, Renal failure, Pregnancy, Marrow failure

Question 11

Causes of a macrocytic anaemia

Answer 11

Folate deficiency, B12 deficiency, Alcohol, Liver disease, Myelodysplasia

Question 12

Signs of iron deficiency

Answer 12

Koilonychia, Angular stomatitis, Glossitis

Question 13

Management of iron deficiency

Answer 13

Ferrous sulphate

Question 14

Causes of folate deficiency

Answer 14

Dietary deficiency, Malabsorption, Pregnancy, Dialysis, Alcohol, Methotrexate, Valproate, Lymphoma, Trimethoprim

Question 15

Causes of B12 deficiency

Answer 15

Dietary deficiency, Malabsorption, Pernicious anaemia

Question 16

Causes of haemolytic anaemia

Answer 16

Sickle cell, Hypersplenism, G6PD deficiency, Hereditary spherocytosis, Malaria, Penicillin, Quinine

Question 17

Test in haemolytic anaemia

Answer 17

Direct coombs test