Genetic Variation

Question 1

What does sexual reproduction give rise to? Why?

Answer 1

Variation, as when gametes fuse one allele comes from each parent

Question 2

How many pairs of chromosomes do human body cells have?

Answer 2

23

Question 3

What are the sex chromosomes for females?

Answer 3

XX

Question 4

What are the sex chromosomes for males?

Answer 4

XY

Question 5

What are some characteristics controlled by?

Answer 5

A single gene

Question 6

What are alleles?

Answer 6

Different forms of a gene

Question 7

What’s a dominant allele?

Answer 7

One that controls the development of a characteristic when it is present on only one of the chromosomes

Question 8

What’s a recessive allele?

Answer 8

One that controls the development of a characteristic only if the dominant allele is not present

Question 9

What are chromosomes made up of large molecules of?

Answer 9

DNA

Question 10

What type of structure does DNA have?

Answer 10

A double helix structure

Question 11

What’s a gene?

Answer 11

A small section of DNA

Question 12

Each gene codes for a particular combination of…

Answer 12

Amino acids which make a specific protein

Question 13

Each person (apart from identical twins) has unique…

Answer 13

DNA

Question 14

Which process can unique DNA be used to identify individuals in?

Answer 14

DNA fingerprinting