Genetics

Question 1

central dogma of molecular biology

Answer 1

DNA –> RNA –> Protein

Question 2

chromatin

Answer 2

complex of DNA and protein

Question 3

heterochromatin

Answer 3

firmly packed form genetic inactive

Question 4

euchromatin

Answer 4

is an uncoiled packed form of chromatic genetically active

Question 5

repetitive elements

Answer 5

Satellite DNA
Alu
LINEs

Question 6

Satellite DNA

Answer 6

stay together, Centromeric DNA and telomeric DNA

Question 7

Dispersed repetitive elements

Answer 7

LINE and All

Question 8

Purine

Answer 8

A and G

Question 9

Pyrimidines

Answer 9

C and T

Question 10

Chargaffs rules

Answer 10

A pairs with G
T pairs with C

Question 11

Five prime Cap allows for

Answer 11

Cap mediated translation initation scanning

Question 12

Polymorphism

Answer 12

genetic variation occurring at a measurable frequency in population (1 percent or greater)

Question 13

Haploinsufficency

Answer 13

one copy of the gene is not enough

Question 14

Dominat negative or Antimorphic

Answer 14

defective gene interferes with function of the wild type copy

Question 15

two reasons outside of mutations that can cause abnormal DNA expression

Answer 15

1. repeat expansions
2. methylation

Question 16

base excision repair

Answer 16

repair base instead of nucleotide

Question 17

nucleotide excision repair

Answer 17

oligonucleotides instead of single base or nucleotide

Question 18

mendelian inheritance

Answer 18

inheritance patterns that obey the law of segregation and law of independent assortment

Question 19

autosomal dominant

Answer 19

multiple affected generation in vertical pattern

Question 20

autosomal recessive

Answer 20

horizontal pattern of inheritance

Question 21

X linked recessive

Answer 21

all delam offerings of affected men are carriers, male - male transmission

Question 22

X linked dominate male lethal

Answer 22

phenotype expressed only in females, men die

Question 23

Y linked or hoiandric

Answer 23

only male to male transmission

Question 24

mitochondrial inheritance

Answer 24

maternal inheritance

Question 25

factors that complicate pedigree analysis

Answer 25

variable penetrance
Variable expressivity
variable penetrance and expressivity

Question 26

penetrance

Answer 26

proportion of individuals with a phenotype

Question 27

Pleiotropy

Answer 27

one gene influence two or more unrelated phenotypic traits