Genetics Flashcards
Chromosome
Long strands of genetic information located in the nuclei of cells
Gene
A section of a chromosome that codes for a protein.
Allele
Alternative forms of a gene
Haploid nucleus
A nucleus containing a single set of unpaired chromosomes
Diploid nucleus
A nucleus containing two sets of chromosomes
Mitosis
A type of cell division which gives rise to genetically identifal cells in which the chromosome number is same as original
Meiosis
A reduction division in which the number of chromosomes is halved from diploid to haploid.
Genotype
The genetic makeup of an organism in terms of alleles present
Phenotype
The outward appearance of an organism due to both it’s genotype and the environment
Homozygous
Having two identical alleles of a particular gene
Heterogygous
Having two different alleles of a particular gene
Dominant
The allele that is expressed if it is present
Recessive
The allele that is only expressed when there is no dominant allele present
Mutation
A change in a gene or chromosome
Inheritance
The passing on of information from generation to generation
