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Genetics > Genetics > Flashcards

Genetics Flashcards

1
Q

Who is the father of genetics?

A

Gregor Mendel

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2
Q

What did Mendel grow to conduct his trait studies?

A

pea plants

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3
Q

the chance or likelihood of a trait being expressed

A

probability

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4
Q

two identical alleles like AA or cc

A

homozygous

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5
Q

two different alleles like Aa or Cc

A

heterozygous

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6
Q

a chart showing the possible offspring of a mating

A

punnett square

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7
Q

a chart showing the family tree of an organism

A

pedigree

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8
Q

the passing of physical characteristics from parents to offspring

A

heredity

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9
Q

a characteristic that can be passed on to offspring

A

trait

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10
Q

the scientific study of heredity

A

genetics

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11
Q

the factors that control a trait

A

gene

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12
Q

different forms of a gene

A

allele

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13
Q

physical appearance of a allele

A

phenotype

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14
Q

the alleles that make up a trait

A

genotype

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15
Q

a trait that is expressed, it shows up

A

dominant

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16
Q

a trait that is not expressed, it does not show up

A

recessive

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17
Q

the expression of both alleles…a black chicken mates with a white chicken and the offspring are black and white

A

codominance

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18
Q

the blending of both alleles…a red flower is crossed with a white flower and makes pink flowers

A

incomplete dominance

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19
Q

the number of chromosome pairs in a human

A

23

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20
Q

the process by which cells are made into sex cells…sperm or egg

A

meiosis

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21
Q

sex cell

A

gamete

22
Q

a cell with a full set of chromosomes, as a body cell

A

diploid

23
Q

a cell with half a set of chromosomes, as a gamete

A

haploid

24
Q

male gamete

A

sperm

25
Q

female gamete

A

egg

26
Q

what are chromosomes made up of?

A

many genes

27
Q

the main function of genes

A

make proteins

28
Q

a section of a DNA molecule that contains information to code for one specific protein

A

a gene

29
Q

the base pair that always matches with cytosine

A

guanine

30
Q

the base pair that always matches with adenine

A

thymine

31
Q

shape of a DNA molecule

A

double helix

32
Q

a phosphate, a sugar (deoxyribose), and a base pair

A

a nucleotide

33
Q

the basic building block of a protein

A

amino acid

34
Q

organelle that puts proteins together

A

ribosomes

35
Q

a change in a gene or chromosome

A

mutation

36
Q

what are the 4 blood types?

A

A, B, AB, O

37
Q

trait controlled by more that two alleles

A

multiple alleles

38
Q

the chromosome that determines gender

A

number 23

39
Q

the letters of the 23rd chromosome that represent a female

A

XX

40
Q

the letters of the 23rd chromosome that represent a male

A

XY

41
Q

which parent determines the gender of the offspring?

A

the male - father

42
Q

a trait that has genes attached to the X or Y chromosome like color blindness or male patterned baldness

A

sex-linked trait

43
Q

a person who has one recessive allele for a trait and one dominant allele for a trait that is a disorder such as hemophilia

A

carrier

44
Q

shape on a pedigree representing a male

A

square

45
Q

shape on a pedigree representing a female

A

circle

46
Q

how a person with a trait is identified on a pedigree

A

the shape is colored in

47
Q

half of a colored shape on a pedigree represents that the person is a …

A

carrier

48
Q

the organelle of the cell that contains the DNA

A

the nucleus

49
Q

a homozygous dominant is crossed with a homozygous recessive….what is the genotype of the offspring?

A

heterozygous

50
Q

who does a child get the genes from for the genetic disorder, Tay Sachs?

A

the parents

51
Q

B is black, b is white. A male black bunny is crossed with a female heterozygous black bunny. Some of the babies are white. What is the genotype of the male?

A

Bb - heterozygous

52
Q

B is black, b is white. A male black bunny is crossed with a female heterozygous black bunny. All of the offspring are black. What is the genotype of the male?

A

homozygous black - BB

Genetics (1 decks)

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