Genomes

Question 1

Eukaryotes have 2 genomes. What are they?

Answer 1

Nuclear Genome

Organelle Genome

Question 2

True or False

In most Eukaryotes, most of the genome consists of genes.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Contain numerous repetitive DNA sequences that do not code for polypeptides.

Answer 3

Eukaryotic Genomes

Question 4

Mobile DNA segments that can move from place to place in the genome including from chromosomes to plasmids

Answer 4

Transposons (Transposable elements)

Question 5

It’s insertion in the middle of a protein-coding gene disrupts that gene. They can produce significant phenotypic effects by inactivating genes.

Answer 5

Transposons

Question 6

The amount of DNA per haploid cell expressed as picograms or the number of kilobases per haploid cell.

Answer 6

C Value

Question 7

The amount of DNA in the haploid cell of an organism is not related to its presumed number of genes (as reflected by the complexity of the organism).

Answer 7

C-value paradox

Question 8

Relatively small
Compact (more than 85% of the DNA consists of protein coding regions or RNA genes)
Lack introns (except rRNA and tRNA genes of archea)
often carry extrachromosomal DNA in small circular molecules called which can be transferred between cells

Answer 8

Prokaryotic Genomes

Question 9

Reveals the diversity of viruses and prokaryotic organisms

Answer 9

Metagenomics