Gentics

Question 1

What does DNA stand for ?

Answer 1

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Question 2

Structure or DNA ?

Answer 2

Phosphate
Deoxyribose sugars
Bases - adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine

Question 3

Genetic manipulation

Answer 3

Refers to the alteration of the genes of an organism

Question 4

Define chromosome

Answer 4

Thread like structures in the nucleus composed of DNA and proteins. They contain the genetic information in forms of genes

Question 5

Define gene

Answer 5

A section of DNA that carries the genetic code for s particular characteristic

Question 6

Define alleles

Answer 6

Different forms of the same gene

Question 7

Define cell

Answer 7

Is the smallest structure and functional unit of an organism which is typically microscopic and consists of cytoplasm and a nucleus enclosed in a membrane

Question 8

Define dominant

Answer 8

The characteristic that is expressed in the heterozygous condition

Question 9

Define recessive

Answer 9

The characteristic that remains hidden in the heterozygous condition

Question 10

Punnet square

Answer 10

Are a way of showing all possible types of offspring that could result from a cross

Question 11

Define homozygous

Answer 11

Having two identical alleles on homologous chromosomes

Question 12

Define heterozygous

Answer 12

Having two different alleles on homologous chromosomes

Question 13

Define genotype

Answer 13

Genetic information carried by an individual

Question 14

Define phenotype

Answer 14

Observable characteristics of the individual, the way the genotype is expressed

Question 15

Define mitosis

Answer 15

The type of cell division that produces two daughter cells identical to the parent cell

Question 16

Define meiosis

Answer 16

The type of cell division that produces gametes with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell