Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Everything > Geography > Flashcards

Geography Flashcards

1
Q

different types of rocks

A

Sedimentary rock, Igneous rock, Metamorphic rock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

name two rocks from Sedimentary rocks

A

Limestone, sandstone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

name five rocks from Metamorphic rocks

A

Marble, quartzite, Slate, Gneiss, hornfels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

name five rocks from Igneous rocks

A

andesite, basalt, dacite, obsidian, tuff

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Types of Mass movement

A

Mudflows, avalanches
It occurs when peat lands become saturated with rainwater.
It occurs in upland areas.
Peat becomes too heavy to be supported.
Moves downhill fast.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Mudflow

A

occurs in saturated ground after heavy rain.
an also occur when volcano melts snow and combines with ash and soil (lahar)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Example

A

Columba 1984 caused by a volcano

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what does DEPED mean

A

DEPED means Describe, explain, point, evaluate, diagram

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Constructive for sea

A

Calm, low energy, Strong swash and weak backwash

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Destructive for sea

A

strong waves, high energy, weak swash and strong backwash

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Hydraulic action

A

the force of the waves breaks down rocks.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Abrasion

A

waves that throw materials against the coast line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Compression

A

water trapping air into a small area and when pulls back a small explosion’s happens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Attrition

A

moved by the waves slowly eroding into fine sand

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Fetch

A

waves power comes from the wind

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Cliffs sea

A

Steep rock face on the coast.
Formed by destructive waves.
Waves erode a notch at a point weakness.
Notch undercut by hydraulic action and compression.
Rock collapses, forming a cliff.
Eroded material forms a wave-cut platform at the base.
Build-up of sediment at seaward edge of platform-wave-built terrace.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Bay

A

A large, eroded area that is filled with water, partially surrounded by more resistant hard rock.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Headland

A

Land made of hard rock that is more resistant to erosion, which extends out to the sea.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Geo

A

A gap in the headland where a blowhole and cave once existed.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Sea Arch

A

A gap that forms when a cave erodes through a headland fully.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Sea cliff

A

A high steep feature made of rock and soil that has been eroded back by the sea.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Blow holes

A

Forms when the roof of a cave eroded vertically.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Wave-cut platforms

A

A sloping floor of rock extending from the shoreline to the sea.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Sea caves

A

An opening made when weaker rock eroded at the base of sea cliffs headlands.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Sea stack

A

A piece of rock that stands alone in coastal water. It was once a sea arch but worn down over time by erosion.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Stump

A

sea stack eroded by hydraulic action and abrasion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

how sea stumps form

A

sea stacks eroded down by hydraulic action and abrasion.

28
Q

Blow holes forming

A

It forms when air becomes trapped at the back of caves during stormy weather.
Pressure builds up as the air is compressed.
As the air is released, it expands, causing the rock to shatter.
A hole in the roof of the cave eventually appeared.

29
Q

how sea transports

A

Waves approach the shore at an angle, their load is moved along, and the shore-longshore drifted.
Waves move material up the beach at an oblique angle – swash.
Some material is deposited.
Waves move material back down the beach at a right angle to the coast – backwash.
Repeated movements by swash and backwash moves material along the coast in a zigzag pattern.

30
Q

sea`s denudation.

A

When waves reach shallow or sheltered water, they lose their energy and deposit their load. This causes several features to form. (A weak backwash causes this).

31
Q

Beach

A

It is formed when constructive waves deposit material on the shore.
Weak backwash carries some fine material back out to sea.
Material builds up to form a beach.
Finer material is found at the foreshore and coarser material is found at the backshore.
A storm beach has boulders and rocks above the normal tide mark as the waves are stronger.

32
Q

Sand dunes

A

They are mounds of sand that build up at the back of a beach.
Wind blows dry, light sand inland.
Sand becomes trapped by vegetation.
Low mounds of sand form.
A thick, coarse grass-marram grass-binds sand and stops it from blowing further inland.

33
Q

Sand spit

A

A long narrow ridge of sand or shingle.
It is connected to the mainland at one end and the bay at the other.
It is formed by a longshore drift across a sheltered bay.
Deposited material builds up on the seabed, eventually rising above sea level.
It forms a long ridge extending into the sea.

34
Q

Sand bar and lagoon

A

Longshore drift occurs across a sheltered bay.
The sea bar extends from one side of the bay to the other.
Some of the bay is sealed off from the sea.
A saltwater lake forms behind the sand bar – Lagoon.
Over time, the lagoon can dry up to form salt marsh.

35
Q

Tombolo

A

A Tombolo is formed when longshore drift creates a sand spit in the sheltered waters between the mainland and an island.

36
Q

Groynes

A

Low walls or fences.
Reduce.
Longshore drift.
Trap sand.

37
Q

Gabions

A

Wire cages filled with stones.
Reduce erosion.

38
Q

Rock amour

A

Large boulders at cliff base.
Slow down erosion.

39
Q

sea wall

A

Concrete wall.
Curved at the top.
Protect coastal towns.

40
Q

name 2 tectonic plates

A

Eurasian.
North American.

41
Q

Contructive for plates

A

plates pull apart

42
Q

Destructive, Subduction for plates

A

plates collide

43
Q

Passive, Conservation plates

A

plates rub off eachother

44
Q

what is the ring of fire

A

where multiple plates bash off each other with the pacific plate

45
Q

Notch

A

A wave-cut notch is formed by erosional processes such as abrasion and hydraulic action - this is a dent in the cliff usually at the level of high tide. As the notch increases in size, the cliff becomes unstable and collapses, leading to the retreat of the cliff face.

46
Q

Source rivers

A

farthest point from the mouth and is where the water comes to the river

47
Q

tributary for rivers

A

is a steam or smaller river that places a larger one.

48
Q

Confluence for rivers

A

where two rivers come together to connect to a bigger river.

49
Q

Estuary for rivers

A

fresh water from rain or snow joins with the ocean (salt water)

50
Q

Mouth

A

the mouth of a river is the place where the river enters the sea.

51
Q

River basin

A

the river basin is the area drained by a river and its tributaries.

52
Q

watershed

A

high area that separates two basin

53
Q

Course for rivers

A

the course if a river is the path it takes on its way to the sea.

54
Q

Youthful

A

steep, fast and narrow valley with V-shaped valleys

55
Q

Mature for stages of rivers

A

slower speed gentle slop and Wider valleys.

56
Q

old

A

almost flat, very slow and ferly wide

57
Q

Rolling for rivers

A

Large particles are rolled along the riverbed.

58
Q

Bouncing for rivers

A

Small particles are bounced along the riverbed.

59
Q

Suspension for rivers

A

Light particles of silt and clay float along in the water.

60
Q

Solution for rivers

A

Dissolved material is carried in the water

61
Q

key words for rivers

A

Vertical
Lateral erosion
Erosion
Meanders
V-shaped valley
Oxbow Lake
Interlocking spurs
flood plain
Waterfall
Levee
Undercutting
Delta
Overhang
Distributary

62
Q

waterfalls

A

A waterfall is a vertical drop during hard rock, such as granite, lies across a band of soft rock such as sandstone, the soft rock is eroded more quickly than the more resistant hard rock, gradually creating a vertical drop into a plunge pool.

63
Q

waterfalls froms

A

slop erosed the softer rock and creates a hole which gets bigger until a plunge pool and drop forms

64
Q

Meanders for rivers

A

Large bends/curves in a river`s course.
Water deeper and flows faster on the outer bank, causing erosion by hydraulic action.
Over time, continued undercutting causes the banks to collapse, meander enlarges.

65
Q

Delta

A

Triangular piece of land at the mouth of a river.
Formed when a river enters the sea or a lake.
The river slows down and deposits its load.
Deposited material builds up at the mouth of the river.
The mouth of the river becomes clogged.

Everything (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions