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Pharmacology > GI > Flashcards

GI Flashcards

1
Q

Cimetidine, Ranitidine, Famotidine, Nizatidine (MOA)

A

Reversible H2 receptor blockers -> decreased secretion by parietal cells

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2
Q

Cimetidine, Ranitidine, Famotidine, Nizatidine (CU)

A

Peptic ulcer, gastritis, mild esophageal reflux

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3
Q

Cimetidine, Ranitidine, Famotidine, Nizatidine (T)

A

Cimetidine is a potent inhibitor of city P450 (multiple drug interactions) it also has antiangregenic effects (prolactin release, gynocomastia, impotence, decreased libido in males); can cross BBB (confusion, dizziness, HA) and placenta. Both cimetidine and ranitidine decrease renal excretion of creatinine. Other H2 blockers are relatively free of these effects.

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4
Q

Omeprazole. Lansoprazole (MOA)

A

Irreversibly inhibit H+/K+ ATPase in stoamch parietal cells

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5
Q

Omeprazole. Lansoprazole (CU)

A

Peptic ulcer, gastritis, esophageal reflux, Z-E syndrome

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6
Q

Omeprazole. Lansoprazole (T)

A

Increased risk of C. diff infection, pneumonia. Hip fractures, decreased serum Mg with long term use.

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7
Q

Bismuth, sucralfate (MOA)

A

Bind to ulcer base, providing physical protection and allowing bicarb secretion to reestablish pH gradient in the mucous layer

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8
Q

Bismuth, sucralfate (CU)

A

Increased ulcer healing, travelers’ diarrhea

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9
Q

Misoprostol (MOA)

A

PGE1 analog. Increased production and secretion of gastric mucous barrier, decreased acid production

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10
Q

Misoprostol (CU)

A

Prevention of NSAID-induced peptic ulcer; maintenance of a PDA. Also used to induce labor (ripens cervix)

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11
Q

Octreotide (MOA)

A

Long-acting somatostatin analog

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12
Q

Octreotide (CU)

A

Acute variceal bleeds, acromegaly, VIPoma, and carcinoid tumors

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13
Q

Octreotide (T)

A

Nausea, cramps, steatorrhea

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14
Q

Misoprostol (T)

A

Diarrhea, Contraindicated in women of childbearing potential (abortifacient).

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15
Q

Aluminum hydroxide

A

Antacid. Hypokalemia. Constipation and hypophosphatemia: proximal muscle weakness, osteodystrophy, seizures

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16
Q

Calcium carbonate

A

Antacid. Hypokalemia. Hypercalcemia, rebound acid increase. Can chelate and decrease effectiveness of other drugs (tetracyclines)

17
Q

Magnesium hydroxide

A

Antacid. Osmotic laxative. Hypokalemia. Diarrhea, hyporeflexia, hypotension, cardiac arrest.

18
Q

Magnesium citrate (MOA)

A

Osmotic laxative. Provide osmotic load to draw water out.

19
Q

Magnesium citrate (CU)

A

Constipation

20
Q

Magnesium citrate (T)

A

Diarrhea, dehydration, may be abused by bulimics.

21
Q

Polyethylene glycol (MOA)

A

Osmotic laxative. Provide osmotic load to draw water out.

22
Q

Polyethylene glycol (CU)

A

Constipation

23
Q

Polyethylene glycol (T)

A

Diarrhea, dehydration, may be abused by bulimics.

24
Q

Lactulose (MOA)

A

Osmotic laxative. Provide osmotic load to draw water out. Treats hepatic encephalopathy since gut flora degrades it into metabolites (lactic acid and acetic acid) that promotes nitrogen excretion as NH4+

25
Q

Lactulose (CU)

A

Constipation. Hepatic encephalopathy

26
Q

Lactulose (T)

A

Diarrhea, dehydration, may be abused by bulimics.

27
Q

Sulfasalazine (MOA)

A

A combination of sulfapyridine (antibacterial) and 5-aminosalicylic acid (anti-inflammatory). Activated by colonic bacteria.

28
Q

Sulfasalazine (CU)

A

IBD

29
Q

Sulfasalazine (T)

A

Malaise, nausea, sulfonamide toxicity, reversible oligospermia.

30
Q

Ondansetron (MOA)

A

5-HT3 antagonist; decreases vagal stimulation. Powerful central acting antiemetic.

31
Q

Ondansetron (CU)

A

Control vomiting postop and in pts undergoing chemo

32
Q

Ondansetron (T)

A

HA, constipation

33
Q

Metoclopramide (MOA)

A

D2 receptor antagonist. Increases resting tone, contractility, LES tone, motility. Does not influence colon transport time.

34
Q

Metoclopramide (CU)

A

Diabetic and post-op gastroparesis (gastric motor failure). Antiemetic.

35
Q

Metoclopramide (T)

A

Increased parkinsonian effects. Restlessness, drowsiness, fatigue, depression, nausea, diarrhea. Drug interaction with Digoxin and diabetic agents. Contraindicated in pots with small bowel obstruction or Parkinson ds (D1-receptor blockade)

Pharmacology (10 decks)

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