GI Facts

Question 1

Nutrients absorbed in the jejunum

Answer 1

Ca, Zn, folate

Question 2

Nutrients absorbed in the ileum

Answer 2

B12, fat sol vits, bike salt absorption

Question 3

Voluminous - inflammatory or non-inflammatory?

Answer 3

Non-inflammatory (inflame is small vol freq stools)

Question 4

Inflammatory or non-inflammatory: tenesmus?

Answer 4

Inflammatory

Question 5

Inflammatory or non-inflammatory: severe abd pain?

Answer 5

Inflammatory

Question 6

Inflammatory or non-inflammatory: fever

Answer 6

Inflammatory

Question 7

Inflammatory or non-inflammatory: dehydration?

Answer 7

Non-inflammatory

Question 8

Inflammatory or non-inflammatory: fecal leuks?

Answer 8

Inflammatory

Question 9

Eg of inflammatory diarrhea causes?

Answer 9

Invasive infections, IBD, ischemia

Question 10

Eg of non-inflammatory diarrhea causes?

Answer 10

Non-invasive infections, IBS, Rx

Question 11

Osmotic or secretory: voluminous?

Answer 11

Secretory

Question 12

Osmotic or secretory: stops or markedly decreased with fasting?

Answer 12

Osmotic

Question 13

Osmotic diarrhea eg of causes?

Answer 13

Sugar substitutes, mg++laxatives, lactose intol

Question 14

Eg of secretory diarrhea causes?

Answer 14

Infections w/enterotoxins, laxatives, NET secretagogues, crohn’s, celiac

Question 15

Osmotic & secretory osmotic gap?

Answer 15

Osmotic - >50

secretory -

Question 16

Osmotic gap eq?

Answer 16

290 - [2X (stool Na + stool k)]

Question 17

Celiac pathophys?

Answer 17

Gliadin disrupts tight junction

Activ inflamm cascade

Tissue transglutaminase (tTG) alters gliadin –> T cell response

Structural disruption of mucosa

Question 18

Nutrients absorbed in duodenum

Answer 18

Iron

Question 19

best imaging for foreign bodies?

Answer 19

Xray

Question 20

best imaging for lines/tubes?

Answer 20

Xray

Question 21

:-( re: xrays?

Answer 21

pregnancy, not sensitive for soft tissue processes (may miss acute problem)

Question 22

best imaging for dysphagia?

Answer 22

fluoroscopy

Question 23

best imaging for bowel leak (esp post op)?

Answer 23

fluoroscopy

Question 24

best imaging for assessing bowel motion?

Answer 24

fluoroscopy

Question 25

:-( re: fluoroscopy?

Answer 25

requires pt motility and ability to swallow; only evaluates lumen of structures

Question 26

best imaging for nonspecific abdominal pain?

Answer 26

CT

Question 27

best imaging for abscess?

Answer 27

CT

Question 28

best imaging for small bowel obstruction eval?

Answer 28

CT

Question 29

best imaging for trauma?

Answer 29

CT

Question 30

best imaging for acute pancreatitis?

Answer 30

CT

Question 31

best imaging for cross-sectional angiography?

Answer 31

CT

Question 32

:-( re: CT?

Answer 32

contrast (IV and kidney damage), have to be able to inject PO contrast; limited soft tissue w/out contrast

Question 33

best imaging for hepatic vasculature?

Answer 33

U/S

Question 34

best imaging for gallstones/suspected cholecystitis?

Answer 34

u/s

Question 35

:-( re: u/s?

Answer 35

pt cooperation necessary, requires acoustic window, NPO; insensitive for tumors, limited by bone/gas

Question 36

best imaging for tumor eval/characterization?

Answer 36

MRI

Question 37

best imaging for bowel wall (IBD)?

Answer 37

mRI

Question 38

best imaging for biliary system?

Answer 38

MRI (MRCP)

Question 39

best imaging for soft tissues that look identical on CT?

Answer 39

MRI

Question 40

:-( re: MRI?

Answer 40

poor image quality in intubated pts, breath hold, metal fragments, bowel motion a problem; girth

Question 41

best imaging for tumor detection & function?

Answer 41

PET/CT

Question 42

best imaging for GI bleeding?

Answer 42

red cell scan

Question 43

best imaging for cholecystitis, biliary obstruction or leak?

Answer 43

HIDA

Question 44

best imaging for spacial resolution of small vessels?

Answer 44

angiography