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GI Pharm Flashcards

1
Q

What can you give someone with gastroenteritis and diarrhea?

A
  1. Loperamide
  2. Kaolin Pectate
  3. Fiber
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2
Q

What so you give someone with diarrhea who has not been helped by loperamide or fiber?

A

Octeotride

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3
Q

What medication do you not want to give with octeotride?

A

Beta-blockers, hypoglkycmics

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4
Q

What do you want to monitor with someone on octeotride?

A

Glucose, TSH, gallstones

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5
Q

What supplements should someone be taking post-gastrectomy?

A

Supplement with B12 and folate because of loss of parietal cells

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6
Q

What medication do you also want to make sure you also take a folate supplement with?

A

5-ASA/mesalamine

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7
Q

How long does azathioprine take to reach max effect?

A

3-6 months

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8
Q

What are SE of azathioprine?

A
  1. Pancreatitis (pain, steatorrhea)
  2. hepatotoxicity (pain, pruritis, jaundice)
  3. Marrow toxicity (bleeding, fatigue, easy bruising)
  4. decr platelets/WBC/RBC
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9
Q

What do you prescribe someone with constipation that has not been helped with fluids, fiber or dietary modifications?

A

Acutely: Miralax (PEG 3350)
Chronically: senna, colavce/actulose

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10
Q

What do you prescribe for esophageal varices?

A

octeotride (vasoconstriction of sp;enic arteriole)

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11
Q

What are options for HCV treatment?

A
  1. PEG interferon+ ribavirin+ sofosbuvir

2. Harvoni (sofosbuvir/ledapisvir)

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12
Q

How long is HCV treatment?

A

12 weeks

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13
Q

What do you prescribe for hepatic encephalopathy?

A

lactulose (converts amoonia to ammonium, which is not absorbed by intestines)

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14
Q

What are SE of lactulose?

A

gas and diarrhea

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15
Q

Man with chronic pancreatitis is taking viokase but as noted increase steatorrhea. What do you do?

A
  1. Increase dose viokase

2. switch to enteric coated pancreatic supplement

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16
Q

what do you have to take with viokase?

A

PPI

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17
Q

What are SE of Meperidine (demerol)?

A

confusion, seizures

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18
Q

What do you prescribe someone with mostly nocturnal GERD sxs?

A

H2 receptor blocker (ranitidine)

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19
Q

When should you take ranitidine?

A

6-7pm

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20
Q

Which PPI is better with clopidogrel?

A

Pantoprazol

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21
Q

When do you want to take PPI’s?

A

30min-1hr before first meal of the day

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22
Q

What do you rx for diverticulitis?

A

Metronidazole and Cipro

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23
Q

What is the gold standard for dx diverticulitis?

A

CT!

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24
Q

What medication is an anti-pseudomonas?

A

Primaxin

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25
Q

What is a SE of Primaxin?

A

C. diff

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26
Q

How do you treat C. diff?

A
  1. Metronidazole
  2. Vancomycin
  3. Rifampin
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27
Q

What is the triple approach to H. pylori tx?

A

PPI, clarithromycin, amoxicillin x10-14 days (continue PPI for 4-6 weeks)

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28
Q

What is the quadruple approach to H. pylori tx?

A

PPI, metronidazole, tetracycline, Bismuch subsalicylate

29
Q

How do you treat IBS-D

A

Dicyclomine

30
Q

What type of drug is dicyclomine?

A

anti-spasmodic (anti-muscarini?)

31
Q

What should someone with NSAID ulcers take who needs to continue to take NSAIDs?

A
  1. switch ibuprofen to celecoxib (cox2 selective)
  2. Misoprostol (prostaglandin analog)
  3. Sucralfate (protect ulcer)
32
Q

What can you prescirbe for sea sickness?

A
  1. scopolamine

2. Meclizine

33
Q

What drug class is scopolamine?

A

anticholinergic

34
Q

What drug class is meclizine?

A

H1 antagonist

35
Q

What are is a common SE of scopolamine/meclizine?

A

drowsiness/fatigue

36
Q

What do you prescribe to precent N/V from radiation?

A

ondansetron (zofran)

37
Q

What do you prescribe to prevent N/V from chemo?

A
  1. Dexamethasone and aprepitant

2. Dexamethasone and ondansetron

38
Q

What do you prescribe for diabetic gastroparesis?

A

Metoclopramide

39
Q

What is a SE of metoclopramide?

A

exta-pyrandol sxs

40
Q

What are SE of long-term (over 2 months) PPI use?

A
  1. gastric atrophy
  2. osteoporosis (increased hip fracture risk)
  3. incr CV risk
  4. pneumonia
  5. C. diff
41
Q

What type of drug do you want to make sure to down titrate and not stop abruptly?

A

PPI’s!

42
Q

How do you treat HCV genotype 2?

A

sofosbuvir+ ribavirin for 12 weeks

43
Q

What should you avoid when taking sofosbuvir and ribavirin?

A

contact with female partner

44
Q

How do you treat someone with IBS-C that has not responded to OTC laxatives, fiber or fluids?

A
  1. lubiprosterone

2. linclotide

45
Q

What do you give for bowel prep for colonoscopy?

A

golytely

46
Q

Which drug is not absorbed from the gut?

A

Kaolin-Pectate

47
Q

What is a steroid-sparing CD drug?

A

Azathioprine (Imuran)

48
Q

Which drug binds ammonia and converts it to ammonium?

A

lactulose

49
Q

Which is the only non-enteric coated pancreatic enzyme?

A

pancrealipase

50
Q

Which type of GERD medication is best for night sxs?

A

H2 blockers (ranitidine)

51
Q

What is first line treatment for IBS-C? (3)

A
  1. osmostic laxative (PEG)
  2. Psyllium
  3. senna
52
Q

What is first line treatment for IBS-D?

A
  1. dicyclomine
  2. kaopectate
  3. lopiramide
  4. fiber
53
Q

What is the goal when treating HCV with ribavirin?

A

ERADICATION!

54
Q

What is the goal when treating HCV with lamivudine?

A

suppression!

55
Q

What is a common SE of phenergen (promethazine)?

A

Extrapyramidal/anxiety/hypoermotility

56
Q

What drug is a ca-channel blocker?

A

Lubiprostone

57
Q

What drug is a cGMP activator?

A

Linactide (Linzess)

58
Q

Which drug do you give someone who is constipated secondary to narcotics?

A

lubisprostone

59
Q

Which drug can you NOT give to women under 18yo?

A

lubisprostone

60
Q

Which anti-emetic drug is an anticholinergic?

A

Scopolamine

61
Q

Which drug blocks D1 and D2 receptors and suppresses RAS system, reducing emesis?

A

Haloperidol

62
Q

Which drug blocks D and H-HT receptors in CRTZ?

A

Metoclopromide

63
Q

Which drug is an H1 antagonist?

A

Meclizine

64
Q

Which drug is a serotonin antogonist?

A

ondansetron (zofran)

65
Q

Which drug is a Neurokinin-1 Antagonist?

A

Aprepitant

66
Q

Which antibiotic can be used as a prokinetic?

A

Erythromycin (directly stimulates motilin recetprs in gastric smooth muscle)

67
Q

Which drug is a synthetic analog of somastatin?

A

octeotride (sandostatin)

68
Q

Which drug reduces secretion of cholesterol into enterohepatic circulation?

A

urosodiol

69
Q

What is a stool softner?

A

Docusate sodium (colace)

GI (1 decks)

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