GIT (viruses) Flashcards
mechanism of GE
virus enters
= infect and damage epithelial enterocytes (important for absorption) of small intestinal villi
= enzyme deficiency and defective transport
= diarrhoea, dehydration etc
test for GE
- stool specimen
- PCR
- ELISA –> specific IgM
- latex agglutination
- hybridisation with cDNA probes
- EM
management of GE
- correction of dehydration
- if can keep fluids down: oral dehydration salts
- if cannot: IV - prevent transmission
what types of vaccination are available for the oral live attenuated rotavirus vaccination
- rotaTEQ, rotaSIIL - pentavalent, 3 doses
- rotaRIX - monovalent, 2 doses
- rotaVAC - monovalent, 3 doses
what is the most important member of the human calicivirus family and what does it cause
norwalk virus (belongs to norovirus)
what types of food is norovirus associated with
water, shellfish, food
what are the most common agents of GE in children vs adults
children: rotavirus
adults: norwalk virus (norovirus) –> 20% of acute GE globally
most common causes of GE
- norwalk virus
- sapovirus
how is breastfeeding beneficial for babies with norovirus
IgA antibodies from mother
viruses that cause hepatitis
- hep A-E
- yellow fever
- EBV
- CMV
- rubella
- hanta virus
- hep G
which hep A-E viruses have available vaccinations
A, B, D
(in clinical trials: C, E)
what families does each hep virus belong to
A: pico|rna|viridae
B: hepa|dna|viridae
C: fla|viridae - hepacivirus
D: satellite virus
E: hepe|viridae
