Glacial landscapes in the UK

Question 1

What is an ice cap?

Answer 1

Ice covering high land.

Question 2

What is an ice sheet?

Answer 2

A very large area of ice.

Question 3

What is abrasion?

Answer 3

The sandpaper effect of small rocks rubbing away larger rocks.

Question 4

What is plucking?

Answer 4

Where rocks from the valley floor are frozen into the glacier and pulled along.

Question 5

What is a corrie?

Answer 5

A hollow in the side of a mountain.

Question 6

What is an arete?

Answer 6

A sharp ride formed between two corries.

Question 7

What is a hanging valley?

Answer 7

A tributary glacial trough o the side of the main valley, often has a waterfall.

Question 8

What is a ribbon lake?

Answer 8

A long narrow lake at the bottom of a glacial trough where soft rock has been eroded away.

Question 9

What is moraine?

Answer 9

Debris and material eroded from the valley sides and bottom in or on the glacier.

Question 10

What are drumlins?

Answer 10

Small hills of moraine deposited in a glacial valley.

Question 11

What are erratics?

Answer 11

Large rocks transported and deposited by glaciers.

Question 12

What is outwash?

Answer 12

Sediment deposited by meltwater which is sorted and rounded.

Question 13

What is till?

Answer 13

Sediment deposited by a glacier which is unsorted and angular.

Question 14

How much of the world was covered in ice during the last ice age?

Answer 14

Around 1/3

Question 15

How does freeze-thaw weathering work?

Answer 15

• Water falls into tiny cracks in the rock
• Water freezes and expands, forcing the rock apart
• This breaks the rock into pieces over time

Question 16

How is a corrie formed?

Answer 16

• Snow accumulates in a hollow
• This hollow is deepened as snow freezes and melts
• Rotational slip gauges out the hollow
• A raised lip is formed as ice flows out of the hollow in a thin layer

Question 17

How is a pyramidal peak formed?

Answer 17

Where multiple corries form back to back

Question 18

How are truncated spurs formed?

Answer 18

• As a glacier movers through a river valley, it cuts through spurs
• Rounded areas or land are left when the glacier melts

Question 19

Why do people visit glacial areas like the Lake District?

Answer 19

• Adventure activities, eg. abseiling/climbing
• Ideal landscape for walking

Question 20

What are the social impacts of tourism on the Lake District?

Answer 20

• There are far more tourists than residents
• Jobs in tourism are seasonal, poorly paid, and unreliable
• High house prices: 20% of property is holiday rental or second homes
• Congestion: >89% of visitors arrive by car

Question 21

What are the environmental impacts of tourism on the Lake District?

Answer 21

• Pollution from vehicles and boats damages ecosystems
• Walkers damage farmland
• Footpath erosion and damage by cars
• Dogs harming farm animals and wildlife

Question 22

What are the economic impacts of tourism on the Lake District?

Answer 22

• New buisneses like adventure tourism provide jobs
• Thousands of people work in the tourism industry in the area
• Just under £1 billion per year from tourism in the lake district
• Congestion slows down business

Question 23

What could be done to help with issues caused by tourism in the Lake District?

Answer 23

• A National park entry fee
• Limiting visitor numbers
• Repairing worn out footpaths
• Building bypasses around busy towns
• Improving public transport

Question 24

How are drumlins formed?

Answer 24

• The glacier meets and obstacle
• Material is deposited behind the obstacle
• A small hill is formed

Question 25

What are the 4 types of moraine?

Answer 25

• Lateral (at the edge of glaciers)
• Medial (where two glaciers join together)
• Ground (material underneath the glacier)
• Terminal (Material deposited at the snout)