global energy transition

Question 1

stage one of the global energy transition

Answer 1

building blocks and rise and fall of US leadership

Question 2

stage two of the global energy transition

Answer 2

German global leadership

-german feed in tarriff
- renewable energy sources act

Question 3

main driver of global energy transition

Answer 3

china

Question 4

made in china 2025

Answer 4

chinas pact to become dominent in 10 industries by 2025

Question 5

renewable energy sources act

Answer 5

1) investment protection regardless of size for renewable energy
2) no change to german public finances and german industry is exempt from higher prices
3) innovation by increasing FITs

Question 6

why are governments key to the energy transition

Answer 6

-they can stimulate the market and help tech scale

Question 7

how does tech scale

Answer 7

supply and demand balance and competetion in the supply chain

Question 7

solar power has a huge

Answer 7

supply chain

Question 7

trends with clean energy and economics

Answer 7

-price of clean energy keeps falling
-levelized cost
-clean tech has the proven ability to scale
-ex) solar = 99% price drop
wind = 90% price drop
-silicon in PV cells keeps dropping
- decreased price of LEDs
-onshore wind has globally scaled

Question 8

supply and demand

Answer 8

more demand =
1) better and cheaper supply
2) more impact
3) more effecient utilization

Question 9

wind energy and economics notes

Answer 9

diverse domestic supply chain, price falling rapidly, floating wind is now ready, lithium ion batteries

Question 10

feasibility of the transition

Answer 10

large scale and long duration tech just needs to scale

the transition is dynamic and is still in its early stages

Question 11

1935 federal power act

Answer 11

• act gave the federal government control over whole sale electric sales in interstate commerce
  -gave states control over retail sales within a state

Question 12

how does bright energy hold back energy in the US

Answer 12

-uncoordinated states and federal and asynchonous work between the two
-issues with control of transmission line

Question 13

national energy act 1978

Answer 13

established energy goals, specifically reducing the nation’s dependency on oil and increasing the use of renewable resources, such as solar energy

Question 14

energy tax act

Answer 14

objective of this law was to shift from oil and gas supply toward energy conservation; thus, to promote fuel efficiency and renewable energy through taxes and tax credits

tax rebates (carrots)
gas guzzlers tax for new cars (stick)

Question 14

public utility regulatory polices act
(PURPA)

Answer 14

meant to promote energy conservation (reduce demand) and promote greater use of domestic energy and renewable energy (increase supply)

Question 16

national energy conservation policy act

Answer 16

provides for the regulation of interstate commerce, to reduce the growth in demand for energy in the United States, and to conserve nonrenewable energy resources produced in the U.S. and elsewhere, without inhibiting beneficial economic growth

manages demand
-power plants and industrial fuel use

Question 17

Natural gas policy act

Answer 17

authorized the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) to regulate both intrastate and interstate natural gas production and transmission

passed in a time of energy crisis

Question 18

PURPA: public utility regulatory policies act extra notes

Answer 18

• most signifigant piece of 1978 energy act

goals:
1) introduce wholesale markey competition
2) promote cogeneration
3) hydroelectric encouraged at small dams
4) conservation of energy and gas
5) making retail rates fairer for consumers through competition

Question 19

FERC (federal energy regulator commission)

Answer 19

5 commissioners appointed to 5 year terms and ratified by the senate

Power to shape US electric grid

on again off again subsidies for clean energy

investment tax credit for solar, designed to ramp down

Question 20

renewable energy portfolio standard

Answer 20

driver previous to the IRA
ambitions energy goals in some states (50-100%)

Question 20

most important action of FERC so far

Answer 20

Land mark order # 1000: creation of ISOs and RTOs

Question 21

example of market driven

Answer 21

deregulation of texas grid in 2002

Question 22

policy and tech: agnostic

Answer 22

carve outs for poultry and swine waste in NC

Question 23

policy and tech: tech focused

Answer 23

German FIT
carve out in state REP policies

Question 24

REP

Answer 24

retail energy provider

Question 25

IRA

Answer 25

first ever 10 year runaway for clean energy

• gives investors confidence when investing in clean energy
  -big investment tax credits for development of US manufacturing
  -deployment of clean energy is strengthened by 250 billion expansion of financing authority in US DOE loan programs office

Question 26

impact of the IRA

Answer 26

good, but would be better if it included a stick. probably will create unstoppable momentum

Question 27

key features of IRA

Answer 27

additional incentives to build clean energy in underfunded communities (60 bil in envr just)

27 bil for green banks

5 bil for state and local decarbonization

provides direct incentive for americans to decarbonzie

additive affect with infratsucture bill to encourage families to buy EVs through tax credits

20 billion for low carbon ag

Question 28

negatives to policies

Answer 28

subsidies for fossil fuels
deliberate failure to make grid upgrades
not charging fossil fuels for negative externalities
mantaining policies that reduce energy competition