Goal setting Flashcards
Objective goal
attaining a specific standard of proficiency on a task
within a specified time limit
Subjective goal
general statement of intent
Types of goals
outcome
performance
process
Outcome goals
focus on the outcomes/results
product orientated
based on social comparisons
e.g., winning the world cup
+ outcome goal
facilitate motivation away from competition
when completing unenjoyable activities
- outcome goal
uncontrollable
increase anxiety and negative thoughts
distract/increase irrelevant thoughts
Performance goals
specift end products of performance
achieved independently of others
e.g., finishing a round 2 under par
+ performance goal
more controllable
less dependable on opponents
- performance goal
lead to overthinking and anxiety
difficult to prioritise them
Process goals
specify behaviours/actions in which the performer will engage in during performance
involve improving form, technique, strategy
How are effects of goal setting maximised?
planning
achievement strategies
rewards
feedback
Goals influence performance (direct mechanistic view)
- direct attention to important elements of the skill performed
- mobilise efforts
- prolonged persistence
- foster development of new learning strategies
Performance influenced by goals leading to changes in psychological factors (indirect thought-process)
- lowered anxiety
- greater confidence
- improved self-regulation
- better at coping with failure
SMART principles
Specific
Measurable
Attainable
Relevant
Time based
Specific
well defined, clear and concise, unambiguous, need to know what aiming for
