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Chemistry > Group 7 > Flashcards

Group 7 Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the physical properties of the halogens at room temperature

A
  • Fluorine is a very pale yellow gas
  • Chlorine is a greenish gas
  • Bromine is an orange/ brown liquid which vaporises easily into an orange gas
  • Iodine is a black solid which vapoises on heating to a purple gas
  • All have swimming pool smell
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2
Q

Why does fluorine have some different properties to the other halogens

A
  • F-F bond is weak
  • Due to fluorine atoms being very small so the non-bonding pairs of electrons on the outer shells are held so close together they begin to repel
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3
Q

Describe the structure and bonding in the halogens and why the melting points of halogens increase down the group

A
  • Covalent structure: shared pair of electrons
  • Going down, more shells, so more shielding
  • Nuclear attraction gets weaker so requires more energy to gain an electron
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4
Q

Give the sodium-containing product for the reaction of Sodium Bromide with H2SO4

A

SO2

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5
Q

Give the 3 sodium-containing products for the reaction of Sodium Iodide with H2SO4

A
  • SO2
  • S
  • H2S
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6
Q

For the redox reaction of sodium bromide with H2SO4 give:

  • the full redox equation
  • the 2 observations and which product causes each
  • the role of the Br- ion
A

H2SO4 + 2Br- + 2H+ –> Br2 + SO2 + 2H2O
- Orange solution: Br2
- Acidic gas: SO2
- Br- is the reducing agent

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7
Q

For the redox reaction of sodium iodide with H2SO4 to form SO2 give:

  • the full redox equation
  • the two observations and which product causes them
  • the role of the I- ion
A

H2SO4 + 2H+ + 2I- –> I2 + SO2 + 2H2O
- Black solid: I2
- Acidic gas: SO2
- I- is the reducing agent

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8
Q

For the redox reaction of sodium iodide with H2SO4 to form S give:

  • the full redox equation
  • the two observations and which product causes them
  • the role of the I- ion
A

H2SO4 + 6I- + 6H+ –> S +3I2 + 4H2O
- Yellow solid: S
- Black solid: I2
- I- is the reducing agent

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9
Q

For the redox reaction of sodium iodide with H2SO4 to form H2S give:

  • the full redox equation
  • the two observations and which product causes them
  • the role of the I- ion
A

H2SO4 + 8I- + 8H+ –> H2S + 4I2 + 4H2O
- Bad odour: H2S
- Black solid: 4I-
- I- is the reducing agent

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10
Q

For the acid-base reaction of sodium chloride with H2SO4 give:
- The ionic equation needed to produce the observation
- The role of the Cl- ion

A

H+ + Cl- –> HCl
- Cl- is the base

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11
Q

For the displacement reaction for chloride with sodium bromide give:
- The full equation
- The observation and which product causes it

A

Cl2 + 2Br- –> Br2 + 2Cl
- Orange solution: Br2

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12
Q

For the displacement reaction for chloride with sodium iodide give:
- The full equation
- The observation and which product causes it

A

Cl2 + 2I- –> 2Cl- + I2
- Black solid: I2

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13
Q

For the displacement reaction for bromine with sodium iodide give:
- The full equation
- The observation and which product causes it

A

Br2 + 2I- –> I2 + 2Br-
- Black solid: I2

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14
Q

Give the equation for the formation of a white precipitate when AgNO3 is added to a soltuion containing a halide

A

Ag+ + Cl- –> AgCl

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15
Q

Give the equation for the formation of a cream precipitate when AgNO3 is added to a soltuion containing a halide

A

Ag+ + Br- –> AgBr

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16
Q

Give the equation for the formation of a yellow precipitate when AgNO3 is added to a soltuion containing a halide

A

Ag+ + I- –> AgI

17
Q

Give the formula of the addition of dilute NH3 to a solution containing AgCl

A

2NH3 + AgCl –> Ag(NH3)2 + Cl-

18
Q

Give the formula of the addition of concentrated NH3 to a solution containing AgBr

A

2NH3 + AgBr –> Ag(NH3)2 + + Br-

19
Q

Give the observation when AgNO3 is added to each halide

A
  • Fluoride: No visible change
  • Chloride: White precipitate
  • Bromide: Cream precipitate
  • Iodide: Yellow precipitate
20
Q

Give the observation when dilute NH3 is added to each halide

A
  • Fluoride: No visible change
  • Chloride: White precipitate dissolves
  • Bromide: Cream precipitate insoluble
  • Iodide: Yellow precipitate insoluble
21
Q

Give the observation when concentrated NH3 is added to each halide

A
  • Fluoride: No visible change
  • Chloride: No visible change
  • Bromide: Cream precipitate dissolves
  • Iodide: Yellow precipitate insoluble

Chemistry (12 decks)

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