Groups Week2 2 Group decision making MCQ

Question 1

Social decisions schemes

Answer 1

Explicit or implicit decision making rules that relate individual opinions to a final group decision

Question 2

Unanimity

Answer 2

discussion serves to pressurise deviants to conform

Question 3

Majority wins

Answer 3

discussion simply confirms the majority position, which is then adopted as the group position

Question 4

Truth wins

Answer 4

discussion reveals the position that is demonstrably correct

Question 5

Two-thirds majority

Answer 5

unless there is a two-thirds majority, the group is unable to reach a decision

Question 6

Strictness:

Answer 6

the degree of agreement required by the rule

Question 7

authoritarian

Answer 7

power in one member

Question 8

egalitarian

Answer 8

spread power through all members

Question 9

Social transition scheme

Answer 9

Method for charting incremental changes in member opinions as a group moves towards a final decision

Question 10

Brainstorming:

Answer 10

Uninhibited generation of as many ideas as possible in a group, in order to enhance group creativity. Four factors of brain storming that negatively affect performance

Question 11

Evaluation apprehension

Answer 11

Members concerned with making a good impression

Question 12

Social loafing and free riding

Answer 12

motivation loss because of the collective nature of the task

Question 13

Production matching

Answer 13

members use average group performance to construct a performance norm

Question 14

Production blocking

Answer 14

reduction in individual creativity and productivity in brainstorming groupsd due to interruptions and turn taking

Question 15

Remedies for production blocking

Answer 15

Electronic brainstorming and Heterogeneous groups (diverse types of knowledge alleviate the effects of production blocking)

Question 16

Illusion of group effectivity

Answer 16

Experience-based belief that we produce more and better ideas in groups than alone

Question 17

Transactive memory

Answer 17

Group members have a shared memory for who within the group remembers what and is the expert on what

Question 18

Group mind

Answer 18

McDougalls idea that people adopt a qualitatively different mode of thinking when in a group:

Question 19

Group think

Answer 19

A mode of thinking in highly cohesive groups in which the desire to reach unanimous agreement overrides the motivation to adopt proper rational decision-making procedures

Question 20

Risky shift

Answer 20

tendency for group discussion to produce group decisions that are more risky than the mean of members pre-discussion opinions, but only if the pre-discussion mean already favoured risk

Question 21

Group polarisation

Answer 21

tendency for group discussion to produce more extreme group decisions than the mean of members pre-discussion opinions, in the direction favoured by the mean

Question 22

Persuasive arguments theory

Answer 22

View that people in groups are persuaded by novel information that supports their initial position, and thus become more extreme in their endorsement of their initial position

Question 23

Social comparison (theory)

Answer 23

Comparing our behaviours and opinions with those of others in order to establish the correct or socially approved way of thinking and behaving

Question 24

Cultural values theory

Answer 24

The view that people in groups use members opinions about position valued in the wider culture, and then adjust views in that direction for social approval reasons

Question 25

Social identity theory

Answer 25

Theory of group membership and intergroup relations based on self-categorisation, social comparison and the construction of a shared self-definition in terms of in-group-defining properties

Question 26

Self-categorisation theory

Answer 26

Turner and associates theory of how the process of categorising oneself as a group member produces social identity and group and intergroup behaviours

Question 27

Crowd behaviour

Answer 27

people behave in ways they wouldnt normally due to either anonymity or unconscious antisocial motives are released through suggestion.