GU

Question 1

How is detrusor overactivity treated?

Answer 1

voiding schedule, Kegels, antimuscarinics (oxybutinin)

Question 2

How is urethral incompetence treated? (stress)

Answer 2

limit caffeine, timed voiding, kegels, biofeedback, electrical stimulation, vaginal cones, pessaries, surgery is most effective but last resort

Question 3

how is urethral obstruction treated?

Answer 3

surgery, catheterization, alpha blockers (flomax, cardura), finasteride (reduces T)

Question 4

how is detrusor underactivity (overflow) treated?

Answer 4

voiding techniques, catheters

Question 5

Treatment of acute cystitis

Answer 5

Cipro, bactrim, nitrofurantoin or cephalexin in pregnancy, can give pyridium

Question 6

treatment of pyelonephritis

Answer 6

Severe: IV ampicillin + gentamicin OP: Cipro or Bactrim

Question 7

Treatment of acute bacterial prostatitis

Answer 7

IV ampcicillin + gentamicin until afebrile for 24-48 hours then oral cipro for 4-6 weeks OP is cipro for at least 21 days

Question 8

How is chronic bacterial prostatitis treated?

Answer 8

Bactrim, carbenicillin, erythromycin, cephalexin, Cipro for 6-12 weeks + antiinflammatories and hot sitz baths

Question 9

how is non-bacterial prostatitis treated?

Answer 9

erythromycin? antiinflammatories, sitz baths, decrease alcohol and caffeine

Question 10

how is prostadynia treated?

Answer 10

alpha blockers (flomax, cardura), Diazepam

Question 11

treatment of phimosis

Answer 11

topical corticosteroids, manual retraction, definitive is circumcision

Question 12

How is paraphimosis treated?

Answer 12

reduction, circumcision

Question 13

How is acute epididymitis treated?

Answer 13

bed rest with scrotal elevation, Cipro/Bactrim x 21 days, if gonorrhea then ceftriazone and doxycycline

Question 14

Treatment of orchitis

Answer 14

heat, bed rest, scrotal support, 40 then cipro or ofloxacin

Question 15

Treatment for testicular torsion

Answer 15

immediate surgery (4 hours!) with orchiopexy and manual derotation (opening a book)

Question 16

treatment of hydrocele

Answer 16

none if asymptomatic, urology may drain

Question 17

Treatment of varicocele

Answer 17

Naprosyn (NSAID), scrotal support, varicocelectomy (check fertility of partner)

Question 18

treatment and prevention of stones

Answer 18

increased fluid intake (esp at night), flomax, CCBs, oral corticosteroids, Ureteroscopic stone extraction, ESWL

Question 19

Treatment of interstitial cystitis

Answer 19

No cure… amitriptyline, CCBs, elmiron, TENs, acupuncture, if interstitial then DMSO, Heparin, BCG

Question 20

Treatment of erectile dysfunction

Answer 20

sex therapy, T, sildenafil (not nitro), papaverine injectable, vacuum constriction device, penile prostheses, vascular reconstruction

Question 21

treatment of male infertility

Answer 21

timing, avoid spermicidal agents, treat any infections

Question 22

Treatment of BPH

Answer 22

Watchful waiting if AUA 0-7, meds: flomax, cardura, finasteride, Jalyn, phytotherapy surgery: TURP, TUIP, prostatectomy, laser, TUNA, microwave hyperthermia

Question 23

treatment of prostate cancer

Answer 23

radiation, prostatectomy (may need to replace hormones), cryotherapy mets: androgen deprivation

Question 24

Treatment of superficial bladder CA

Answer 24

resection and intravesical chemo (directly into bladder)

Question 25

Treatment of invasive bladder CA

Answer 25

radical cystectomy + irradiation or chemo

Question 26

Treatment of muscle invasive bladder CA

Answer 26

chemo prior to cystectomy

Question 27

Treatment of RCC

Answer 27

radical nephrectomy, chemo

Question 28

Treatment of wilm’s tumor

Answer 28

en bloc resection of tumor, vincristine or doxorubicin for stage III or IV tumors

Question 29

Treatment of testicular cancer

Answer 29

radical orchiectomy (Seminomas: I and IIa + irradiation, IIb and III + chemo)