H Pharma Flashcards
What is warfarin’s mechanism of action?
Inhibits Vit-K dependent synthesis, therefore clotting factors II, VII, IX, and X as well as protein C and S.
How is warfarin monitored?
PT/INR (extrinsic pathway)
What is heparin’s mechanism of action?
Accelerate activity of antithrombin.
Which has a slower onset, heparin or warfarin?
Warfarin (limited by half-life of clotting factors), heparin very rapid onset (seconds!).
What is aspirin (ASA)’s mechanism of action (platelets)?
Irreversibly modifies COX-1 and COX-2, inhibiting TXA2 synthesis, thus inhibiting platelet aggregation.
What are the two mechanisms of action of chemo drugs?
cell cycle-specific AND cell cycle-nonspecific
Cytarabine sounds similar to what nucleic acid?
cytosine
Cytarabine and other anti-metabolites do what?
Prevent normal ATCG from getting into DNA strand.
Is cytarabine a cycle specific or non-specific chemo drug?
Cycle specific
Vincristine is a vinca alkyloid and is what kind of drug and does what?
Cell cycle specific chemo drug that interferes with “machinery” by dirupting mitotic spindle information.
Etoposide is a topoisomerase inhibitor that is what kind of drug and does what?
Cell cycle specific chemo drug that interferes with enzymes by interfering with proper “supercoiling” of DNA.
What is the mechanism of action of cell cycle non-specific agents?
Toxic to cells whether they are dividing or not by interfering with existing DNA.
Doxorubicin and other drugs ending in -rubicin (anthracyclines) are examples of what kind drugs that do what?
Cell cycle non-specific chemo drugs that intercalate between DNA strands.
Cyclophosphamide (an alkylating agent) is the most commonly used chemo drug and is frequently used in lower doses as ____________.
an immunosuppressant.
TRUE/FALSE: Anti-cancer agents such as rituximab are not chemotherapy in the traditional sense.
TRUE.
