HAI

Question 1

What is a hospital acquired infection

Answer 1

An infection that patients get while receiving treatment for medical or surgical conditions

Question 2

What type of healthcare settings do hai occur in

Answer 2

Acute care hospitals,
Ambulatory surgical centres
Dialysis facilities
Outpatient. Are you

Question 3

Common types of HAI

Answer 3

Catheter associated
Surgical site infection
Bloodstream infection
Pneumonia
Clostridium difficile

Question 4

CLABSI

Answer 4

Central line associated bloodstream infection
Germs enter bloodstream through central line

Question 5

MRSA

Answer 5

Bacteria that is resistant to manny commonly used antibiotics

Causes bloodstream infections, pneumonia, surgical site infections

Question 6

Transmission

Answer 6

When an infectious agent leaves its reservoir through a portal of exit via a mode of transmission then enters a succeptible host through a portal of entry

Question 7

Reservoir

Answer 7

Habitat in which the infectious agent lives, grows and multiples

Question 8

Carrier

Answer 8

A person with inapparent infection who is capable of transmitting the pathogen

Question 9

Convalescent carrier

Answer 9

A person that has recovered from their illness but remains capable of transmitting it to others

Question 10

Control measures for transmission

Answer 10

• control the agent at source of transmission
• intervene with mode of transmission
• protect portal of entry
• increase host defences

Question 11

5 moments of hand hygiene

Answer 11

1. Before touching a patient
2. Before a procedure
3. After body fluid exposure risk
4. After touching a patient
5. After touching a patients surroundings

Question 12

Sequence of septic shock

Answer 12

Hypotension (decreased blood pressure)
Tachycardia (Inc heart rate)
Tachypnoea (Inc respiratory rate)

Question 13

4 mechanisms of antibiotic resistance

Answer 13

1. Altered target site
2. Inactivation of AB (enzyme)
3. Altered drug accumulation (outcompete)
4. Decreased drug accumulation